Vishnu Sahasranamam: Meaning
The Vishnu Sahasranamam, from the Anushasana Parva of the Mahabharata, is Bhishma's answer to Yudhishthira's questions about the one God and the highest dharma. It has three parts: the opening dialogue, the 108 verses of names, and the closing verses on the fruits of recitation and the vision of Vishnu as the support of all. The names are gauna, based on qualities: many describe Vishnu's cosmic nature, some name his avatars and deeds, and some are names usually given to Shiva, Indra or the sun, which Adi Shankaracharya's commentary reads as names of the one Brahman. These notes pick out the less obvious names in each verse and explain them; most names have more than one traditional meaning, and only one or two are given here.
श्रुत्वा धर्मानशेषेण पावनानि च सर्वशः । युधिष्ठिरः शान्तनवं पुनरेवाभ्यभाषत ॥
śrutvā dharmānaśeṣeṇa pāvanāni ca sarvaśaḥ । yudhiṣṭhiraḥ śāntanavaṃ punarevābhyabhāṣata ॥
युधिष्ठिरः yudhiṣṭhiraḥ Yudhishthira शान्तनवम् śāntanavam the son of Shantanu, Bhishma पावनानि pāvanāni purifying सब प्रकार से पवित्र करने वाले सभी धर्मों को सुनकर युधिष्ठिर ने शांतनु-पुत्र भीष्म से फिर पूछा।
Having heard all the dharmas that purify in every way, Yudhishthira spoke again to Bhishma, the son of Shantanu.
The frame of the hymn. After the Kurukshetra war, Bhishma, son of King Shantanu, lies on a bed of arrows awaiting death, and teaches Yudhishthira about dharma. This exchange comes in the Anushasana Parva, the book of instruction, of the Mahabharata.
युधिष्ठिर उवाच किमेकं दैवतं लोके किं वाप्येकं परायणम् । स्तुवन्तः कं कमर्चन्तः प्राप्नुयुर्मानवाः शुभम् ॥
yudhiṣṭhira uvāca kimekaṃ daivataṃ loke kiṃ vāpyekaṃ parāyaṇam । stuvantaḥ kaṃ kamarcantaḥ prāpnuyurmānavāḥ śubham ॥
एकं दैवतम् ekaṃ daivatam the one God परायणम् parāyaṇam the highest refuge शुभम् śubham the good युधिष्ठिर ने कहा: संसार में एक देवता कौन है, और एक परम आश्रय क्या है? किसकी स्तुति और किसकी पूजा करके मनुष्य कल्याण पाते हैं?
Yudhishthira said: Who is the one God in the world, and what is the one highest refuge? Praising whom and worshipping whom may people attain what is good?
Yudhishthira asks the first of six questions: who is the one God, and what is the one highest refuge (parayana)? Whom should people praise and worship to reach the good?
को धर्मः सर्वधर्माणां भवतः परमो मतः । किं जपन्मुच्यते जन्तुर्जन्मसंसारबन्धनात् ॥
ko dharmaḥ sarvadharmāṇāṃ bhavataḥ paramo mataḥ । kiṃ japanmucyate janturjanmasaṃsārabandhanāt ॥
परमः paramaḥ the highest जपन् japan reciting संसारबन्धनात् saṃsārabandhanāt from the bondage of worldly existence सब धर्मों में आप किस धर्म को सबसे श्रेष्ठ मानते हैं? किसका जप करके प्राणी जन्म और संसार के बंधन से मुक्त होता है?
Which dharma, of all dharmas, do you hold to be the highest? By reciting what is a living being freed from the bondage of birth and worldly existence?
The questions continue: what is the highest dharma, and by reciting what is a being freed from the cycle of birth? Bhishma's answer is the thousand names.
भीष्म उवाच जगत्प्रभुं देवदेवमनन्तं पुरुषोत्तमम् । स्तुवन्नाम सहस्रेण पुरुषः सततोत्थितः ॥
bhīṣma uvāca jagatprabhuṃ devadevamanantaṃ puruṣottamam । stuvannāma sahasreṇa puruṣaḥ satatotthitaḥ ॥
जगत्प्रभुम् jagatprabhum lord of the world पुरुषोत्तमम् puruṣottamam the supreme person सततोत्थितः satatotthitaḥ always ready भीष्म ने कहा: जो मनुष्य सदा तत्पर होकर जगत के स्वामी, देवों के देव, अनंत पुरुषोत्तम की सहस्र नामों से स्तुति करता है,
Bhishma said: One who is ever ready, praising with the thousand names the lord of the world, the god of gods, the infinite, the supreme person,
Bhishma begins his answer, which runs across verses 4 to 7 as one long sentence: one who praises the Lord with the thousand names, always ready and alert...
तमेव चार्चयन्नित्यं भक्त्या पुरुषमव्ययम् । ध्यायन् स्तुवन्नमस्यंश्च यजमानस्तमेव च ॥
tameva cārcayannityaṃ bhaktyā puruṣamavyayam । dhyāyan stuvannamasyaṃśca yajamānastameva ca ॥
अर्चयन् arcayan worshipping ध्यायन् dhyāyan meditating नमस्यन् namasyan bowing और जो भक्ति से उस अविनाशी पुरुष की नित्य पूजा करता है, उनका ध्यान, स्तुति और नमस्कार करता है और उन्हीं का यजन करता है,
and who always worships that imperishable person with devotion, meditating, praising and bowing to him, and offering worship to him alone,
...who worships him with devotion, and meditates on him, praises him and bows to him. These are the forms of worship the hymn has in mind: meditation, praise and salutation.
अनादिनिधनं विष्णुं सर्वलोकमहेश्वरम् । लोकाध्यक्षं स्तुवन्नित्यं सर्वदुःखातिगो भवेत् ॥
anādinidhanaṃ viṣṇuṃ sarvalokamaheśvaram । lokādhyakṣaṃ stuvannityaṃ sarvaduḥkhātigo bhavet ॥
अनादिनिधनम् anādinidhanam without beginning or end लोकाध्यक्षम् lokādhyakṣam overseer of the world सर्वदुःखातिगः sarvaduḥkhātigaḥ beyond all sorrow आदि-अंत रहित, सब लोकों के महेश्वर, लोकों के अध्यक्ष विष्णु की नित्य स्तुति करने वाला सब दुखों से पार हो जाता है।
praising always Vishnu, without beginning or end, the great lord of all the worlds, the overseer of the world, goes beyond all sorrow.
...praising Vishnu, who has no beginning and no end, lord of all the worlds, goes beyond all sorrow.
ब्रह्मण्यं सर्वधर्मज्ञं लोकानां कीर्तिवर्धनम् । लोकनाथं महद्भूतं सर्वभूतभवोद्भवम् ॥
brahmaṇyaṃ sarvadharmajñaṃ lokānāṃ kīrtivardhanam । lokanāthaṃ mahadbhūtaṃ sarvabhūtabhavodbhavam ॥
ब्रह्मण्यम् brahmaṇyam devoted to the Veda सर्वधर्मज्ञम् sarvadharmajñam knower of all dharma सर्वभूतभवोद्भवम् sarvabhūtabhavodbhavam source of all beings (उनकी स्तुति करते हुए जो) ब्रह्मण्य हैं, सब धर्मों के ज्ञाता, लोकों की कीर्ति बढ़ाने वाले, लोकनाथ, महान सत्ता और सब प्राणियों के उद्भव के स्रोत हैं।
(Praising him who is) devoted to the Veda, the knower of all dharma, who increases the fame of the worlds, lord of the world, the great being, the source of all beings.
More titles in the same sentence: devoted to the Veda (brahmanya), knower of all dharma, the great being from whom all beings arise.
एष मे सर्वधर्माणां धर्मोऽधिकतमो मतः । यद्भक्त्या पुण्डरीकाक्षं स्तवैरर्चेन्नरः सदा ॥
eṣa me sarvadharmāṇāṃ dharmo'dhikatamo mataḥ । yadbhaktyā puṇḍarīkākṣaṃ stavairarcennaraḥ sadā ॥
अधिकतमः adhikatamaḥ the greatest पुण्डरीकाक्षम् puṇḍarīkākṣam the lotus-eyed स्तवैः stavaiḥ with hymns मेरे मत में सब धर्मों में यही सबसे बड़ा धर्म है कि मनुष्य भक्ति से और स्तुतियों से सदा कमलनयन (भगवान) की पूजा करे।
In my view this is the greatest of all dharmas: that a person should always worship the lotus-eyed one with devotion and hymns.
Bhishma answers the question about the highest dharma directly: worship of Vishnu, the lotus-eyed (Pundarikaksha), with devotion and hymns.
परमं यो महत्तेजः परमं यो महत्तपः । परमं यो महद्ब्रह्म परमं यः परायणम् ॥
paramaṃ yo mahattejaḥ paramaṃ yo mahattapaḥ । paramaṃ yo mahadbrahma paramaṃ yaḥ parāyaṇam ॥
महत्तेजः mahattejaḥ great radiance महत्तपः mahattapaḥ great austerity महद्ब्रह्म mahadbrahma great Brahman जो परम महान तेज हैं, परम महान तप हैं, परम महान ब्रह्म हैं, परम आश्रय हैं;
He who is the supreme great radiance, the supreme great austerity, the supreme great Brahman, the supreme refuge;
Now the answer to "who is the one God": he is the supreme radiance, the supreme tapas (austerity), the supreme Brahman, the supreme refuge.
पवित्राणां पवित्रं यो मङ्गलानां च मङ्गलम् । दैवतं देवतानां च भूतानां योऽव्ययः पिता ॥
pavitrāṇāṃ pavitraṃ yo maṅgalānāṃ ca maṅgalam । daivataṃ devatānāṃ ca bhūtānāṃ yo'vyayaḥ pitā ॥
पवित्राणां पवित्रम् pavitrāṇāṃ pavitram purest of the pure मङ्गलानां च मङ्गलम् maṅgalānāṃ ca maṅgalam most auspicious of the auspicious अव्ययः पिता avyayaḥ pitā imperishable father जो पवित्रों में पवित्र, मंगलों में मंगल, देवताओं के देवता और सब प्राणियों के अविनाशी पिता हैं;
the purest of the pure, the most auspicious of the auspicious, the god of gods, the imperishable father of all beings;
He is the purest of the pure and the most auspicious of the auspicious, the god of gods and the imperishable father of all beings.
यतः सर्वाणि भूतानि भवन्त्यादियुगागमे । यस्मिंश्च प्रलयं यान्ति पुनरेव युगक्षये ॥
yataḥ sarvāṇi bhūtāni bhavantyādiyugāgame । yasmiṃśca pralayaṃ yānti punareva yugakṣaye ॥
आदियुगागमे ādiyugāgame at the beginning of an age प्रलयम् pralayam dissolution युगक्षये yugakṣaye at the end of an age जिनसे युग के आरंभ में सब प्राणी उत्पन्न होते हैं, और युग के अंत में जिनमें फिर लीन हो जाते हैं:
from whom all beings come into being at the beginning of an age, and into whom they dissolve again at the end of the age:
All beings come from him at the start of an age (yuga) and return to him at its end. Creation and dissolution are pictured as a cycle that repeats.
तस्य लोकप्रधानस्य जगन्नाथस्य भूपते । विष्णोर्नामसहस्रं मे शृणु पापभयापहम् ॥
tasya lokapradhānasya jagannāthasya bhūpate । viṣṇornāmasahasraṃ me śṛṇu pāpabhayāpaham ॥
भूपते bhūpate O king नामसहस्रम् nāmasahasram the thousand names पापभयापहम् pāpabhayāpaham removing sin and fear हे राजन, लोकों में प्रधान, जगन्नाथ विष्णु के सहस्र नाम मुझसे सुनो, जो पाप और भय को हरते हैं।
O king, hear from me the thousand names of Vishnu, the foremost in the world, the lord of the universe, which remove sin and fear.
Bhishma promises to tell Yudhishthira (addressed as bhupati, king) the thousand names, which remove sin and fear.
यानि नामानि गौणानि विख्यातानि महात्मनः । ऋषिभिः परिगीतानि तानि वक्ष्यामि भूतये ॥
yāni nāmāni gauṇāni vikhyātāni mahātmanaḥ । ṛṣibhiḥ parigītāni tāni vakṣyāmi bhūtaye ॥
गौणानि gauṇāni based on qualities विख्यातानि vikhyātāni renowned ऋषिभिः ṛṣibhiḥ by the sages उन महात्मा के गुणों पर आधारित, प्रसिद्ध नाम, जिन्हें ऋषियों ने गाया है, मैं कल्याण के लिए कहूँगा।
Those names of the great one, describing his qualities and renowned, which the sages have sung, I shall now declare for the good of all.
The names are gauna, "based on qualities": each describes something true of the Lord, and the sages have sung them. That is why traditional commentaries explain every name, even repeated ones, with its own meaning.
विश्वं विष्णुर्वषट्कारो भूतभव्यभवत्प्रभुः । भूतकृद्भूतभृद्भावो भूतात्मा भूतभावनः ॥
viśvaṃ viṣṇurvaṣaṭkāro bhūtabhavyabhavatprabhuḥ । bhūtakṛdbhūtabhṛdbhāvo bhūtātmā bhūtabhāvanaḥ ॥
विश्वम् viśvam the universe विष्णुः viṣṇuḥ the all-pervading वषट्कारः vaṣaṭkāraḥ the one invoked with "vashat" in sacrifice भूतात्मा bhūtātmā the self of all beings जो विश्व-रूप हैं; सर्वव्यापी विष्णु; यज्ञ में वषट्कार; भूत, भविष्य और वर्तमान के प्रभु; प्राणियों के रचयिता; प्राणियों के पालक; शुद्ध सत्ता; प्राणियों की आत्मा; प्राणियों को उत्पन्न करने वाले।
He who is the universe; the all-pervading; the one invoked in sacrifice (vashat); lord of past, future and present; creator of beings; sustainer of beings; pure existence; the self of beings; the one who brings beings forth.
The names begin. Vishva, "the universe": the Lord is the whole world, its cause and its substance. Vishnu, "the all-pervading". Vashatkara: "vashat" is the call made as an offering is poured into the Vedic fire; he is the one to whom it is offered. He is lord of past, future and present.
पूतात्मा परमात्मा च मुक्तानां परमागतिः । अव्ययः पुरुषः साक्षी क्षेत्रज्ञोऽक्षर एव च ॥
pūtātmā paramātmā ca muktānāṃ paramāgatiḥ । avyayaḥ puruṣaḥ sākṣī kṣetrajño'kṣara eva ca ॥
परमात्मा paramātmā the supreme self साक्षी sākṣī the witness क्षेत्रज्ञः kṣetrajñaḥ knower of the field अक्षरः akṣaraḥ the imperishable पवित्र आत्मा; परमात्मा; मुक्तों की परम गति; अव्यय; पुरुष; साक्षी; क्षेत्रज्ञ (शरीर-रूपी क्षेत्र को जानने वाले); अक्षर।
The pure self; the supreme self; the highest goal of the liberated; the imperishable; the person (Purusha); the witness; the knower of the field (the body); the indestructible.
Names of the Self: the pure self, the supreme self (Paramatma), the goal of the liberated, the witness (sakshi) of all that happens, and the kshetrajna, "knower of the field", the Bhagavad Gita's term for the self that knows the body.
योगो योगविदां नेता प्रधानपुरुषेश्वरः । नारसिंहवपुः श्रीमान् केशवः पुरुषोत्तमः ॥
yogo yogavidāṃ netā pradhānapuruṣeśvaraḥ । nārasiṃhavapuḥ śrīmān keśavaḥ puruṣottamaḥ ॥
योगविदां नेता yogavidāṃ netā leader of those who know yoga प्रधानपुरुषेश्वरः pradhānapuruṣeśvaraḥ lord of nature and spirit नारसिंहवपुः nārasiṃhavapuḥ in the form of the man-lion केशवः keśavaḥ Keshava योग-स्वरूप; योग जानने वालों के नेता; प्रकृति और पुरुष के ईश्वर; नरसिंह रूप वाले; श्रीमान; केशव; पुरुषोत्तम।
Yoga itself; the leader of those who know yoga; lord of nature and spirit; the one in the form of Narasimha; the glorious one; Keshava, of beautiful hair; the supreme person.
He is yoga and the leader of yogis, lord of prakriti (nature) and purusha (spirit). Narasimhavapu is the first avatar named: the man-lion. Keshava is often explained as "of beautiful hair" or as slayer of the demon Keshi. Purushottama is "the supreme person".
सर्वः शर्वः शिवः स्थाणुर्भूतादिर्निधिरव्ययः । सम्भवो भावनो भर्ता प्रभवः प्रभुरीश्वरः ॥
sarvaḥ śarvaḥ śivaḥ sthāṇurbhūtādirnidhiravyayaḥ । sambhavo bhāvano bhartā prabhavaḥ prabhurīśvaraḥ ॥
सर्वः sarvaḥ the all शिवः śivaḥ the auspicious स्थाणुः sthāṇuḥ the steadfast ईश्वरः īśvaraḥ the lord सर्व-स्वरूप; शर्व (संहारक); शिव (कल्याणकारी); स्थाणु (अचल); भूतों के आदि; अक्षय निधि; संभव (प्रकट होने वाले); भावन (फल देने वाले); भर्ता (धारण करने वाले); प्रभव (उत्पत्ति-स्थान); प्रभु; ईश्वर।
The all; the destroyer (Sharva); the auspicious (Shiva); the steadfast; the origin of the elements; the treasure that never fails; the one who manifests; the sustainer of all; the supporter; the source; the master; the lord.
Here names usually given to Shiva appear: Sharva, Shiva and Sthanu. Adi Shankara's commentary reads names like Shiva, Shambhu, Ishana and Rudra in the Sahasranama as names of the one Brahman, which he identifies with Vishnu.
स्वयम्भूः शम्भुरादित्यः पुष्कराक्षो महास्वनः । अनादिनिधनो धाता विधाता धातुरुत्तमः ॥
svayambhūḥ śambhurādityaḥ puṣkarākṣo mahāsvanaḥ । anādinidhano dhātā vidhātā dhāturuttamaḥ ॥
स्वयम्भूः svayambhūḥ self-existent शम्भुः śambhuḥ source of happiness पुष्कराक्षः puṣkarākṣaḥ lotus-eyed विधाता vidhātā the ordainer स्वयंभू; शंभु (सुख देने वाले); आदित्य; कमलनयन; महान घोष वाले; आदि-अंत रहित; धाता; विधाता; श्रेष्ठ आधार।
The self-existent; the giver of happiness (Shambhu); the sun (Aditya); the lotus-eyed; the one of mighty voice; without beginning or end; the upholder; the ordainer; the best of supports.
Svayambhu, "self-existent"; Shambhu, "source of happiness"; Aditya, the sun; Pushkaraksha, lotus-eyed. Dhata and Vidhata are the upholder and the ordainer of creation.
अप्रमेयो हृषीकेशः पद्मनाभोऽमरप्रभुः । विश्वकर्मा मनुस्त्वष्टा स्थविष्ठः स्थविरो ध्रुवः ॥
aprameyo hṛṣīkeśaḥ padmanābho'maraprabhuḥ । viśvakarmā manustvaṣṭā sthaviṣṭhaḥ sthaviro dhruvaḥ ॥
हृषीकेशः hṛṣīkeśaḥ lord of the senses पद्मनाभः padmanābhaḥ lotus-naveled विश्वकर्मा viśvakarmā maker of all ध्रुवः dhruvaḥ the constant अप्रमेय; हृषीकेश (इंद्रियों के स्वामी); पद्मनाभ; देवताओं के प्रभु; विश्वकर्मा; मनु (मननशील); त्वष्टा (रूप गढ़ने वाले); स्थविष्ठ (सबसे विशाल); स्थविर (सनातन); ध्रुव।
The immeasurable; lord of the senses (Hrishikesha); lotus-naveled; lord of the immortals; the maker of all; the thinker (Manu); the fashioner (Tvashta); the vastest; the ancient; the constant.
Hrishikesha, "lord of the senses" (hrishika); Padmanabha, from whose navel grows the lotus on which Brahma sits; Vishvakarma, maker of all. Dhruva is "the constant".
अग्राह्यः शाश्वतः कृष्णो लोहिताक्षः प्रतर्दनः । प्रभूतस्त्रिककुब्धाम पवित्रं मङ्गलं परम् ॥
agrāhyaḥ śāśvataḥ kṛṣṇo lohitākṣaḥ pratardanaḥ । prabhūtastrikakubdhāma pavitraṃ maṅgalaṃ param ॥
अग्राह्यः agrāhyaḥ beyond grasp कृष्णः kṛṣṇaḥ Krishna प्रतर्दनः pratardanaḥ the destroyer पवित्रम् pavitram the purifier अग्राह्य; शाश्वत; कृष्ण; लाल नेत्रों वाले; प्रतर्दन (प्रलय में संहारक); प्रभूत (परिपूर्ण); तीनों दिशाओं के धाम; पवित्र; परम मंगल।
The one beyond grasp; the eternal; Krishna; the red-eyed; the destroyer (at dissolution); the full one; the abode of the three regions; the purifier; the supremely auspicious.
Agrahya, "beyond grasp" of the senses; Krishna, the dark one, the first mention of the name; Pratardana, the destroyer at dissolution; Mangalam param, supremely auspicious.
ईशानः प्राणदः प्राणो ज्येष्ठः श्रेष्ठः प्रजापतिः । हिरण्यगर्भो भूगर्भो माधवो मधुसूदनः ॥
īśānaḥ prāṇadaḥ prāṇo jyeṣṭhaḥ śreṣṭhaḥ prajāpatiḥ । hiraṇyagarbho bhūgarbho mādhavo madhusūdanaḥ ॥
ईशानः īśānaḥ the ruler प्राणदः prāṇadaḥ giver of life-breath हिरण्यगर्भः hiraṇyagarbhaḥ the golden womb मधुसूदनः madhusūdanaḥ slayer of Madhu ईशान; प्राणदाता; प्राण; ज्येष्ठ; श्रेष्ठ; प्रजापति; हिरण्यगर्भ; पृथ्वी को गर्भ में धारण करने वाले; माधव (लक्ष्मीपति); मधुसूदन।
The ruler; the giver of life-breath; life-breath itself; the eldest; the best; the lord of creatures; the golden womb (Hiranyagarbha); the one who holds the earth within; Madhava, husband of Lakshmi; the slayer of Madhu.
Ishana, "the ruler", another name shared with Shiva; Prana, life-breath; Hiranyagarbha, the golden womb from which creation unfolds; Madhava, husband of Lakshmi (Ma); Madhusudana, slayer of the demon Madhu.
ईश्वरो विक्रमी धन्वी मेधावी विक्रमः क्रमः । अनुत्तमो दुराधर्षः कृतज्ञः कृतिरात्मवान् ॥
īśvaro vikramī dhanvī medhāvī vikramaḥ kramaḥ । anuttamo durādharṣaḥ kṛtajñaḥ kṛtirātmavān ॥
विक्रमी vikramī the valorous धन्वी dhanvī the bowman कृतज्ञः kṛtajñaḥ grateful, who knows what is done अनुत्तमः anuttamaḥ unsurpassed ईश्वर; पराक्रमी; धनुर्धारी; मेधावी; विक्रम (वामन के पग); क्रम; जिनसे उत्तम कोई नहीं; जिन्हें कोई दबा न सके; कृतज्ञ; कृति (कर्म-स्वरूप); आत्मवान।
The lord; the valorous; the bowman; the wise; the stride (of Vamana); the step; unsurpassed; unassailable; the one who knows what is done; action itself; the self-possessed.
Vikrama and Krama, "stride" and "step", recall the three strides of Vamana that measured the worlds. Dhanvi is the bowman; Kritajna, one who knows and remembers what is done for him.
सुरेशः शरणं शर्म विश्वरेताः प्रजाभवः । अहः संवत्सरो व्यालः प्रत्ययः सर्वदर्शनः ॥
sureśaḥ śaraṇaṃ śarma viśvaretāḥ prajābhavaḥ । ahaḥ saṃvatsaro vyālaḥ pratyayaḥ sarvadarśanaḥ ॥
शरणम् śaraṇam refuge संवत्सरः saṃvatsaraḥ the year व्यालः vyālaḥ the serpent, the ungraspable सर्वदर्शनः sarvadarśanaḥ the seer of all देवताओं के स्वामी; शरण; सुख-स्वरूप; विश्व के बीज; प्रजाओं के उत्पत्ति-स्थान; दिन; संवत्सर; व्याल (जिन्हें पकड़ा न जा सके); विश्वास-स्वरूप; सर्वदर्शी।
Lord of the gods; the refuge; bliss; the seed of the universe; the source of beings; the day; the year; the serpent (who cannot be grasped); the object of faith; the seer of all.
He is the refuge (sharanam) and bliss (sharma); he is time itself, the day and the year. Vyala, "serpent", is explained as one who cannot be grasped, like a serpent.
अजः सर्वेश्वरः सिद्धः सिद्धिः सर्वादिरच्युतः । वृषाकपिरमेयात्मा सर्वयोगविनिस्सृतः ॥
ajaḥ sarveśvaraḥ siddhaḥ siddhiḥ sarvādiracyutaḥ । vṛṣākapirameyātmā sarvayogavinissṛtaḥ ॥
अजः ajaḥ the unborn सिद्धिः siddhiḥ perfection अच्युतः acyutaḥ who never falls वृषाकपिः vṛṣākapiḥ Vrishakapi (dharma and the boar) अजन्मा; सर्वेश्वर; सिद्ध; सिद्धि; सबके आदि; अच्युत; वृषाकपि (धर्म-रूप वराह); अमेय आत्मा वाले; सब संबंधों से परे।
The unborn; the lord of all; the perfect one; perfection itself; the origin of all; the one who never falls (Achyuta); Vrishakapi (who lifted the earth as Varaha); of immeasurable self; the one beyond all associations.
Achyuta, "who never falls" from his nature. Vrishakapi is traditionally explained as dharma (vrisha) together with kapi, the boar, Varaha, who lifted the earth.
वसुर्वसुमनाः सत्यः समात्मा सम्मितस्समः । अमोघः पुण्डरीकाक्षो वृषकर्मा वृषाकृतिः ॥
vasurvasumanāḥ satyaḥ samātmā sammitassamaḥ । amoghaḥ puṇḍarīkākṣo vṛṣakarmā vṛṣākṛtiḥ ॥
सत्यः satyaḥ truth समः samaḥ the impartial अमोघः amoghaḥ the unfailing पुण्डरीकाक्षः puṇḍarīkākṣaḥ lotus-eyed वसु; उदार मन वाले; सत्य; समात्मा; सम्मित (मापे जा सकने वाले, ज्ञेय); सम (समभाव); अमोघ; पुंडरीकाक्ष; धर्म-रूपी कर्म वाले; धर्म-रूपी आकृति वाले।
The dwelling (Vasu); of generous mind; truth; the even-minded self; the one who is measured (known); the impartial; the unfailing; the lotus-eyed; whose acts are dharma; whose form is dharma.
Satya, truth; Sama, the impartial, the same to all; Pundarikaksha, lotus-eyed; Vrishakarma and Vrishakriti, whose acts and form are dharma (vrisha).
रुद्रो बहुशिरा बभ्रुर्विश्वयोनिः शुचिश्रवाः । अमृतः शाश्वतस्थाणुर्वरारोहो महातपाः ॥
rudro bahuśirā babhrurviśvayoniḥ śuciśravāḥ । amṛtaḥ śāśvatasthāṇurvarāroho mahātapāḥ ॥
रुद्रः rudraḥ Rudra बहुशिराः bahuśirāḥ many-headed विश्वयोनिः viśvayoniḥ womb of the universe अमृतः amṛtaḥ the immortal रुद्र; अनेक सिरों वाले; बभ्रु (भरण करने वाले); विश्वयोनि; पवित्र कीर्ति वाले; अमृत; शाश्वत और स्थिर; वरारोह (श्रेष्ठ); महातपस्वी।
Rudra; the many-headed; the sustainer; the womb of the universe; of pure renown; the immortal; eternal and unmoving; the most excellent; of great austerity.
Rudra, another Shiva name, read in the commentary as "one who makes people weep" at dissolution, or who removes sorrow. Bahushira, many-headed, echoes the thousand-headed Purusha of the Purusha Suktam.
सर्वगः सर्व विद्भानुर्विष्वक्सेनो जनार्दनः । वेदो वेदविदव्यङ्गो वेदाङ्गो वेदवित्कविः ॥
sarvagaḥ sarva vidbhānurviṣvakseno janārdanaḥ । vedo vedavidavyaṅgo vedāṅgo vedavitkaviḥ ॥
सर्वगः sarvagaḥ all-pervading जनार्दनः janārdanaḥ Janardana वेदः vedaḥ the Veda कविः kaviḥ the seer-poet सर्वगामी; सर्वज्ञ; भानु (प्रकाशमान); विष्वक्सेन; जनार्दन; वेद; वेदों के ज्ञाता; अंग-दोष रहित; वेद जिनके अंग हैं; वेदवित्; कवि।
The all-pervading; the all-knowing; the radiant; the one whose armies go everywhere (Vishvaksena); Janardana; the Veda itself; the knower of the Veda; the flawless; whose limbs are the Vedas; the knower of the Vedas; the seer-poet.
He is the Veda and its knower, and the Vedas are his limbs. Vishvaksena, "whose armies go everywhere". Janardana is explained as "one whom people pray to" or "who troubles the wicked".
लोकाध्यक्षः सुराध्यक्षो धर्माध्यक्षः कृताकृतः । चतुरात्मा चतुर्व्यूहश्चतुर्दंष्ट्रश्चतुर्भुजः ॥
lokādhyakṣaḥ surādhyakṣo dharmādhyakṣaḥ kṛtākṛtaḥ । caturātmā caturvyūhaścaturdaṃṣṭraścaturbhujaḥ ॥
लोकाध्यक्षः lokādhyakṣaḥ overseer of the worlds धर्माध्यक्षः dharmādhyakṣaḥ overseer of dharma चतुर्व्यूहः caturvyūhaḥ of fourfold manifestation चतुर्भुजः caturbhujaḥ four-armed लोकों के अध्यक्ष; देवताओं के अध्यक्ष; धर्म के अध्यक्ष; कृत और अकृत; चतुरात्मा; चतुर्व्यूह; चार दाढ़ों वाले; चतुर्भुज।
Overseer of the worlds; overseer of the gods; overseer of dharma; both what is made and unmade; of fourfold self; of fourfold manifestation; four-tusked; four-armed.
Chaturvyuha, "of fourfold manifestation": in Vaishnava teaching the Lord manifests as the four vyuhas, Vasudeva, Sankarshana, Pradyumna and Aniruddha. He is also four-armed, the usual form of Vishnu.
भ्राजिष्णुर्भोजनं भोक्ता सहिष्णुर्जगदादिजः । अनघो विजयो जेता विश्वयोनिः पुनर्वसुः ॥
bhrājiṣṇurbhojanaṃ bhoktā sahiṣṇurjagadādijaḥ । anagho vijayo jetā viśvayoniḥ punarvasuḥ ॥
भोजनम् bhojanam food भोक्ता bhoktā the enjoyer अनघः anaghaḥ the sinless पुनर्वसुः punarvasuḥ who dwells again and again भ्राजिष्णु (दीप्तिमान); भोजन; भोक्ता; सहिष्णु; जगत के आदि में जन्मे; निष्पाप; विजय; विजेता; विश्वयोनि; पुनर्वसु (बार-बार शरीरों में बसने वाले)।
The shining; the food (of the world); the enjoyer; the patient; the first-born of the world; the sinless; victory; the victor; the source of the universe; the one who dwells again and again (in bodies).
He is both the food of the world and its enjoyer, the eater. Jagadadija, "first-born of the world", is Hiranyagarbha. Punarvasu, one who dwells again and again in bodies as their inner self.
उपेन्द्रो वामनः प्रांशुरमोघः शुचिरूर्जितः । अतीन्द्रः सङ्ग्रहः सर्गो धृतात्मा नियमो यमः ॥
upendro vāmanaḥ prāṃśuramoghaḥ śucirūrjitaḥ । atīndraḥ saṅgrahaḥ sargo dhṛtātmā niyamo yamaḥ ॥
उपेन्द्रः upendraḥ younger brother of Indra वामनः vāmanaḥ the dwarf प्रांशुः prāṃśuḥ the tall one नियमः niyamaḥ the rule उपेंद्र; वामन; प्रांशु (ऊँचे); अमोघ; शुचि; ऊर्जित; इंद्र से परे; संग्रह (प्रलय में समेटने वाले); सर्ग (सृष्टि); धृतात्मा; नियम; यम (नियंत्रक)।
Upendra (younger brother of Indra); Vamana, the dwarf; the tall one; the unfailing; the pure; the mighty; beyond Indra; the gatherer (at dissolution); creation itself; of steady self; the rule; the restrainer.
Upendra, "younger brother of Indra", and Vamana, the dwarf avatar, born to Aditi after Indra. Pramshu, "the tall one", is Vamana grown to cosmic size for his three strides.
वेद्यो वैद्यः सदायोगी वीरहा माधवो मधुः । अतीन्द्रियो महामायो महोत्साहो महाबलः ॥
vedyo vaidyaḥ sadāyogī vīrahā mādhavo madhuḥ । atīndriyo mahāmāyo mahotsāho mahābalaḥ ॥
वेद्यः vedyaḥ the one to be known अतीन्द्रियः atīndriyaḥ beyond the senses महामायः mahāmāyaḥ of great maya महाबलः mahābalaḥ of great strength वेद्य (जानने योग्य); वैद्य (सब विद्याओं के ज्ञाता); सदा योगी; वीरहा (दुष्ट वीरों के संहारक); माधव; मधु; इंद्रियों से परे; महामायावी; महा-उत्साही; महाबली।
The one to be known; the knower of all lore; ever in yoga; slayer of the wicked; Madhava, lord of knowledge; sweetness; beyond the senses; of great maya; of great zeal; of great strength.
Vedya, the one to be known; Madhava again, here read as the lord of knowledge (madhu-vidya); Atindriya, beyond the senses; Mahamaya, of great maya, the power that projects the world.
महाबुद्धिर्महावीर्यो महाशक्तिर्महाद्युतिः । अनिर्देश्यवपुः श्रीमानमेयात्मा महाद्रिधृक् ॥
mahābuddhirmahāvīryo mahāśaktirmahādyutiḥ । anirdeśyavapuḥ śrīmānameyātmā mahādridhṛk ॥
महाबुद्धिः mahābuddhiḥ of great intellect अनिर्देश्यवपुः anirdeśyavapuḥ of indescribable form महाद्रिधृक् mahādridhṛk bearer of the great mountain महाबुद्धि; महावीर्य; महाशक्ति; महाद्युति; अनिर्देश्य शरीर वाले; श्रीमान; अमेयात्मा; महान पर्वत (मंदराचल) को धारण करने वाले।
Of great intelligence; of great valour; of great power; of great splendour; of indescribable form; the glorious; of immeasurable self; the bearer of the great mountain (Mandara).
A run of "great" names: great intellect, valour, power and splendour. Mahadridhrik, "bearer of the great mountain", recalls Vishnu as the tortoise bearing Mount Mandara at the churning of the ocean, and Krishna lifting Govardhana.
महेष्वासो महीभर्ता श्रीनिवासः सतां गतिः । अनिरुद्धः सुरानन्दो गोविन्दो गोविदां पतिः ॥
maheṣvāso mahībhartā śrīnivāsaḥ satāṃ gatiḥ । aniruddhaḥ surānando govindo govidāṃ patiḥ ॥
श्रीनिवासः śrīnivāsaḥ abode of Shri सतां गतिः satāṃ gatiḥ goal of the good अनिरुद्धः aniruddhaḥ the unobstructed गोविन्दः govindaḥ Govinda महान धनुर्धर; पृथ्वी के भर्ता; श्रीनिवास; सज्जनों की गति; अनिरुद्ध; देवताओं के आनंद; गोविंद; ज्ञानियों के स्वामी।
The great archer; the bearer of the earth; the abode of Shri (Lakshmi); the goal of the good; the unobstructed (Aniruddha); the joy of the gods; Govinda; the lord of those who know.
Shrinivasa, "abode of Shri" (Lakshmi), the name under which he is worshipped at Tirumala. Aniruddha, "the unobstructed", is one of the four vyuhas. Govinda, "protector of cows" or "one known through the Vedas".
मरीचिर्दमनो हंसः सुपर्णो भुजगोत्तमः । हिरण्यनाभः सुतपाः पद्मनाभः प्रजापतिः ॥
marīcirdamano haṃsaḥ suparṇo bhujagottamaḥ । hiraṇyanābhaḥ sutapāḥ padmanābhaḥ prajāpatiḥ ॥
हंसः haṃsaḥ the swan सुपर्णः suparṇaḥ fair-winged, Garuda भुजगोत्तमः bhujagottamaḥ best of serpents पद्मनाभः padmanābhaḥ lotus-naveled मरीचि (तेजस्वी); दमन करने वाले; हंस; सुपर्ण (गरुड़); सर्पों में श्रेष्ठ; हिरण्यनाभ; उत्तम तपस्वी; पद्मनाभ; प्रजापति।
The radiant (Marichi); the subduer; the swan (Hamsa); the fair-winged (Garuda); the best of serpents; golden-naveled; of good austerity; lotus-naveled; lord of creatures.
Hamsa, the swan, an image of the pure self; Suparna, "fair-winged", is Garuda; Bhujagottama, best of serpents, is Shesha, on whom Vishnu rests. So both Garuda and Shesha are named as forms of the Lord.
अमृत्युः सर्वदृक् सिंहः सन्धाता सन्धिमान् स्थिरः । अजो दुर्मर्षणः शास्ता विश्रुतात्मा सुरारिहा ॥
amṛtyuḥ sarvadṛk siṃhaḥ sandhātā sandhimān sthiraḥ । ajo durmarṣaṇaḥ śāstā viśrutātmā surārihā ॥
अमृत्युः amṛtyuḥ the deathless सिंहः siṃhaḥ the lion शास्ता śāstā the ruler सुरारिहा surārihā slayer of the gods' enemies अमृत्यु; सर्वद्रष्टा; सिंह; संधाता (जोड़ने वाले); संधिमान; स्थिर; अज; दुर्मर्षण (जिन्हें सहा न जा सके); शास्ता; प्रसिद्ध आत्मा वाले; देवताओं के शत्रुओं के संहारक।
The deathless; the all-seeing; the lion; the one who unites; the one who endures; the steady; the unborn; the irresistible; the ruler; of renowned self; the slayer of the enemies of the gods.
Amrityu, the deathless; Simha, the lion; Sandhata, one who unites beings with the fruits of their acts; Surariha, slayer of the enemies of the gods.
गुरुर्गुरुतमो धाम सत्यः सत्यपराक्रमः । निमिषोऽनिमिषः स्रग्वी वाचस्पतिरुदारधीः ॥
gururgurutamo dhāma satyaḥ satyaparākramaḥ । nimiṣo'nimiṣaḥ sragvī vācaspatirudāradhīḥ ॥
गुरुतमः gurutamaḥ the greatest teacher सत्यपराक्रमः satyaparākramaḥ whose valour is true अनिमिषः animiṣaḥ the unblinking वाचस्पतिः vācaspatiḥ lord of speech गुरु; गुरुतम; धाम; सत्य; सत्य-पराक्रम; निमिष (नेत्र मूँदे हुए); अनिमिष (अपलक); माला धारण करने वाले; वाचस्पति; उदार बुद्धि वाले।
The teacher; the greatest teacher; the abode; truth; whose valour is truth; the one with eyes closed (at rest); the unblinking; wearing a garland; lord of speech; of noble intellect.
Guru and gurutama, teacher and greatest teacher; Satyaparakrama, whose valour is true; Animisha, the unblinking, ever watchful; Vachaspati, lord of speech.
अग्रणीर्ग्रामणीः श्रीमान् न्यायो नेता समीरणः । सहस्रमूर्धा विश्वात्मा सहस्राक्षः सहस्रपात् ॥
agraṇīrgrāmaṇīḥ śrīmān nyāyo netā samīraṇaḥ । sahasramūrdhā viśvātmā sahasrākṣaḥ sahasrapāt ॥
न्यायः nyāyaḥ justice समीरणः samīraṇaḥ the wind सहस्रमूर्धा sahasramūrdhā thousand-headed विश्वात्मा viśvātmā soul of the universe अग्रणी; ग्रामणी (समूहों के नेता); श्रीमान; न्याय; नेता; समीरण (वायु-रूप); सहस्र मस्तक वाले; विश्वात्मा; सहस्र नेत्रों वाले; सहस्र चरणों वाले।
The one who leads forward; the leader of the people; the glorious; justice; the guide; the wind (that moves all); thousand-headed; the soul of the universe; thousand-eyed; thousand-footed.
Nyaya, justice; Samirana, the wind that moves all things. The last line repeats the Purusha Suktam's opening: thousand-headed (sahasramurdha), thousand-eyed and thousand-footed.
आवर्तनो निवृत्तात्मा संवृतः सम्प्रमर्दनः । अहः संवर्तको वह्निरनिलो धरणीधरः ॥
āvartano nivṛttātmā saṃvṛtaḥ sampramardanaḥ । ahaḥ saṃvartako vahniranilo dharaṇīdharaḥ ॥
आवर्तनः āvartanaḥ who turns the wheel संवृतः saṃvṛtaḥ the hidden संवर्तकः saṃvartakaḥ the dissolver धरणीधरः dharaṇīdharaḥ bearer of the earth आवर्तन (संसार-चक्र घुमाने वाले); निवृत्तात्मा; संवृत (आवृत); संप्रमर्दन; अहः (दिन); संवर्तक (प्रलयकारी); अग्नि; अनिल (वायु); धरणीधर।
The one who turns (the wheel of existence); of self withdrawn; the hidden; the crusher; the day; the dissolver; fire; wind; the bearer of the earth.
Avartana, who turns the wheel of existence; Samvartaka, the dissolver at the end of an age; and Dharanidhara, bearer of the earth, as Varaha or as Shesha.
सुप्रसादः प्रसन्नात्मा विश्वधृग्विश्वभुग्विभुः । सत्कर्ता सत्कृतः साधुर्जह्नुर्नारायणो नरः ॥
suprasādaḥ prasannātmā viśvadhṛgviśvabhugvibhuḥ । satkartā satkṛtaḥ sādhurjahnurnārāyaṇo naraḥ ॥
सुप्रसादः suprasādaḥ the gracious विभुः vibhuḥ the all-pervading नारायणः nārāyaṇaḥ Narayana नरः naraḥ Nara सुप्रसाद (अति कृपालु); प्रसन्नात्मा; विश्व को धारण करने वाले; विश्व के भोक्ता; विभु; सत्कर्ता; सत्कृत (पूजित); साधु; जह्नु; नारायण; नर।
The gracious; of tranquil self; the supporter of the universe; the enjoyer of the universe; the all-pervading; the doer of good; the honoured; the good; Jahnu; Narayana; Nara.
The verse ends with three names from the story of the sages Nara and Narayana: Narayana is "the abode of all beings" or "resting on the waters"; Nara is the sage paired with him. Jahnu is explained as one who hides beings at dissolution.
असङ्ख्येयोऽप्रमेयात्मा विशिष्टः शिष्टकृच्छुचिः । सिद्धार्थः सिद्धसङ्कल्पः सिद्धिदः सिद्धि साधनः ॥
asaṅkhyeyo'prameyātmā viśiṣṭaḥ śiṣṭakṛcchuciḥ । siddhārthaḥ siddhasaṅkalpaḥ siddhidaḥ siddhi sādhanaḥ ॥
असङ्ख्येयः asaṅkhyeyaḥ beyond counting सिद्धसङ्कल्पः siddhasaṅkalpaḥ whose resolve is fulfilled सिद्धिदः siddhidaḥ giver of success असंख्येय; अप्रमेयात्मा; विशिष्ट; शिष्टों को बनाने वाले; शुचि; सिद्धार्थ; सिद्धसंकल्प; सिद्धि देने वाले; सिद्धि के साधन।
The countless; of immeasurable self; the distinguished; the one who makes the good; the pure; whose aims are achieved; whose resolve is fulfilled; the giver of success; the means to success.
Asankhyeya, beyond counting; Siddhasankalpa, whose every resolve comes true; Siddhida, giver of success.
वृषाही वृषभो विष्णुर्वृषपर्वा वृषोदरः । वर्धनो वर्धमानश्च विविक्तः श्रुतिसागरः ॥
vṛṣāhī vṛṣabho viṣṇurvṛṣaparvā vṛṣodaraḥ । vardhano vardhamānaśca viviktaḥ śrutisāgaraḥ ॥
वृषभः vṛṣabhaḥ the bull, showering blessings वर्धमानः vardhamānaḥ the ever-growing विविक्तः viviktaḥ the solitary श्रुतिसागरः śrutisāgaraḥ ocean of the Vedas वृषाही (धर्म-यज्ञ के स्वामी); वृषभ; विष्णु; वृषपर्वा; वृषोदर; वर्धन; वर्धमान; विविक्त (अलग); श्रुतियों के सागर।
The lord of sacrifice; the bull (showering blessings); Vishnu; whose steps are dharma; whose belly holds dharma; the increaser; the ever-growing; the solitary; the ocean of scripture.
Vrisha, "dharma", runs through the verse: Vrishabha, the bull who showers blessings; Vrishaparva and Vrishodara, whose steps and belly are dharma. Shrutisagara, the ocean of the Vedas.
सुभुजो दुर्धरो वाग्मी महेन्द्रो वसुदो वसुः । नैकरूपो बृहद्रूपः शिपिविष्टः प्रकाशनः ॥
subhujo durdharo vāgmī mahendro vasudo vasuḥ । naikarūpo bṛhadrūpaḥ śipiviṣṭaḥ prakāśanaḥ ॥
वाग्मी vāgmī the eloquent महेन्द्रः mahendraḥ great Indra नैकरूपः naikarūpaḥ of many forms शिपिविष्टः śipiviṣṭaḥ pervading the rays सुंदर भुजाओं वाले; दुर्धर; वाग्मी; महेंद्र; वसुद (धन देने वाले); वसु; अनेक रूपों वाले; विशाल रूप वाले; शिपिविष्ट (किरणों में व्याप्त); प्रकाशन।
Of fine arms; hard to restrain; the eloquent; the great Indra; the giver of wealth; wealth itself; of many forms; of vast form; the one present in all beings as light; the illuminator.
Mahendra, "great Indra", the lord of Indra himself; Vasuda, giver of wealth. Shipivishta is explained as one who pervades the rays (shipi) of the sun, or who dwells in all beings as light.
ओजस्तेजोद्युतिधरः प्रकाशात्मा प्रतापनः । ऋद्धः स्पष्टाक्षरो मन्त्रश्चन्द्रांशुर्भास्करद्युतिः ॥
ojastejodyutidharaḥ prakāśātmā pratāpanaḥ । ṛddhaḥ spaṣṭākṣaro mantraścandrāṃśurbhāskaradyutiḥ ॥
प्रकाशात्मा prakāśātmā of luminous self मन्त्रः mantraḥ the mantra चन्द्रांशुः candrāṃśuḥ moonbeam भास्करद्युतिः bhāskaradyutiḥ with the splendour of the sun ओज, तेज और द्युति धारण करने वाले; प्रकाशात्मा; प्रतापन (तपाने वाले); ऋद्ध (समृद्ध); स्पष्ट अक्षरों वाले; मंत्र; चंद्र-किरण; सूर्य जैसी कांति वाले।
The bearer of vigour, brilliance and light; of luminous self; the one who scorches; the prosperous; of clear speech; the mantra; moonbeam; with the splendour of the sun.
Names of light: vigour, brilliance and radiance; the luminous self; the mantra itself; moonbeam and the splendour of the sun.
अमृतांशूद्भवो भानुः शशबिन्दुः सुरेश्वरः । औषधं जगतः सेतुः सत्यधर्मपराक्रमः ॥
amṛtāṃśūdbhavo bhānuḥ śaśabinduḥ sureśvaraḥ । auṣadhaṃ jagataḥ setuḥ satyadharmaparākramaḥ ॥
भानुः bhānuḥ the sun शशबिन्दुः śaśabinduḥ the moon, marked with a hare औषधम् auṣadham medicine सेतुः setuḥ the bridge चंद्रमा के उद्गम; भानु; शशबिंदु (चंद्र); सुरेश्वर; औषध; जगत के सेतु; सत्य और धर्म ही जिनका पराक्रम है।
The source of the moon; the sun; the moon (marked with a hare); lord of the gods; the medicine; the bridge for the world; whose valour is truth and dharma.
Amritamshudbhava, "source of the nectar-rayed" moon, which rose from the churning of the ocean; Aushadha, the medicine for the world; Setu, the bridge, between people and dharma, or across the ocean of birth.
भूतभव्यभवन्नाथः पवनः पावनोऽनलः । कामहा कामकृत्कान्तः कामः कामप्रदः प्रभुः ॥
bhūtabhavyabhavannāthaḥ pavanaḥ pāvano'nalaḥ । kāmahā kāmakṛtkāntaḥ kāmaḥ kāmapradaḥ prabhuḥ ॥
कामहा kāmahā destroyer of desire कामकृत् kāmakṛt maker of desire कान्तः kāntaḥ the beloved कामप्रदः kāmapradaḥ giver of desires भूत, भविष्य और वर्तमान के नाथ; पवन; पावन; अनल (अग्नि); कामनाओं को नष्ट करने वाले; कामनाएँ पूरी करने वाले; कांत; काम; कामप्रद; प्रभु।
Lord of past, future and present; the purifier (wind); the sanctifier; fire; the destroyer of desire; the maker of desire; the beloved; desire itself; the giver of desires; the master.
He is desire and the destroyer of desire, the giver of desires and their master. The paradox shows that both the world's longing and freedom from it lie in him.
युगादिकृद्युगावर्तो नैकमायो महाशनः । अदृश्यो व्यक्तरूपश्च सहस्रजिदनन्तजित् ॥
yugādikṛdyugāvarto naikamāyo mahāśanaḥ । adṛśyo vyaktarūpaśca sahasrajidanantajit ॥
युगादिकृत् yugādikṛt maker of the ages नैकमायः naikamāyaḥ of many illusions अदृश्यः adṛśyaḥ the invisible व्यक्तरूपः vyaktarūpaḥ of manifest form युगों के आदिकर्ता; युगों को घुमाने वाले; अनेक मायाओं वाले; महाशन (प्रलय में सब निगलने वाले); अदृश्य; व्यक्त रूप वाले; सहस्रों को जीतने वाले; अनंत को जीतने वाले।
The maker of the ages; the one who turns the ages; of many illusions; the great devourer; the invisible; of manifest form; the conqueror of thousands; the conqueror of the endless.
He makes and turns the yugas, the ages of time; he is of many maya-forms; the great devourer at dissolution. He is both invisible and manifest, and conquers thousands and the endless.
इष्टोऽविशिष्टः शिष्टेष्टः शिखण्डी नहुषो वृषः । क्रोधहा क्रोधकृत्कर्ता विश्वबाहुर्महीधरः ॥
iṣṭo'viśiṣṭaḥ śiṣṭeṣṭaḥ śikhaṇḍī nahuṣo vṛṣaḥ । krodhahā krodhakṛtkartā viśvabāhurmahīdharaḥ ॥
शिष्टेष्टः śiṣṭeṣṭaḥ dear to the good शिखण्डी śikhaṇḍī with a peacock feather क्रोधहा krodhahā destroyer of anger विश्वबाहुः viśvabāhuḥ whose arms are the universe इष्ट; अविशिष्ट; शिष्टों के प्रिय; शिखंडी (मोरपंख धारी); नहुष; वृष (धर्म); क्रोध नष्ट करने वाले; (दुष्टों पर) क्रोध करने वाले; कर्ता; विश्वबाहु; महीधर।
The beloved; the unexcelled; dear to the good; the one with a peacock feather; Nahusha (who binds beings); dharma; the destroyer of anger; the maker of anger; the doer; whose arms are the universe; the bearer of the earth.
Shikhandi, "with a peacock feather", recalls Krishna's crown. Nahusha is explained as one who binds beings with maya. He is both the destroyer and the maker of anger: anger at the wicked.
अच्युतः प्रथितः प्राणः प्राणदो वासवानुजः । अपांनिधिरधिष्ठानमप्रमत्तः प्रतिष्ठितः ॥
acyutaḥ prathitaḥ prāṇaḥ prāṇado vāsavānujaḥ । apāṃnidhiradhiṣṭhānamapramattaḥ pratiṣṭhitaḥ ॥
प्रथितः prathitaḥ the renowned वासवानुजः vāsavānujaḥ younger brother of Indra अपांनिधिः apāṃnidhiḥ the ocean अप्रमत्तः apramattaḥ ever vigilant अच्युत; प्रथित (प्रसिद्ध); प्राण; प्राणद; इंद्र के अनुज; जलों के निधि (समुद्र); अधिष्ठान; अप्रमत्त (सदा सजग); प्रतिष्ठित।
The one who never falls; the renowned; the life-breath; the giver of breath; the younger brother of Indra; the abode of the waters (ocean); the foundation; the ever-vigilant; the well-established.
Achyuta again; Vasavanuja, younger brother of Indra (Vasava), that is Vamana; Apamnidhi, the ocean, store of the waters; Apramatta, never careless.
स्कन्दः स्कन्दधरो धुर्यो वरदो वायुवाहनः । वासुदेवो बृहद्भानुरादिदेवः पुरन्दरः ॥
skandaḥ skandadharo dhuryo varado vāyuvāhanaḥ । vāsudevo bṛhadbhānurādidevaḥ purandaraḥ ॥
स्कन्दः skandaḥ Skanda वरदः varadaḥ giver of boons वासुदेवः vāsudevaḥ Vasudeva पुरन्दरः purandaraḥ destroyer of cities स्कंद; स्कंद को धारण करने वाले; धुर्य (भार वहन करने वाले); वरद; वायु को चलाने वाले; वासुदेव; बृहद्भानु; आदिदेव; पुरंदर।
Skanda; the upholder of Skanda; the bearer of the burden; the giver of boons; the one who drives the winds; Vasudeva; of great radiance; the first god; the destroyer of cities (Purandara).
Skanda and Skandadhara, the god of war and his upholder; Vasudeva, "dweller in all" or son of Vasudeva; Purandara, "destroyer of cities", a name usually given to Indra.
अशोकस्तारणस्तारः शूरः शौरिर्जनेश्वरः । अनुकूलः शतावर्तः पद्मी पद्मनिभेक्षणः ॥
aśokastāraṇastāraḥ śūraḥ śaurirjaneśvaraḥ । anukūlaḥ śatāvartaḥ padmī padmanibhekṣaṇaḥ ॥
अशोकः aśokaḥ free of sorrow तारणः tāraṇaḥ who carries across शौरिः śauriḥ descendant of Shura पद्मनिभेक्षणः padmanibhekṣaṇaḥ lotus-eyed अशोक; तारण; तार; शूर; शौरि (शूर के वंशज); जनेश्वर; अनुकूल; शतावर्त; पद्म धारण करने वाले; कमल जैसे नेत्रों वाले।
The one without sorrow; the one who carries across; the saviour; the hero; the descendant of Shura (Shauri); the lord of people; the favourable; of a hundred whirls (of hair); holding the lotus; whose eyes are like lotuses.
Ashoka, free of sorrow; Tarana, who carries across; Shauri, descendant of Shura, Krishna's grandfather; Padmanibhekshana, with eyes like lotuses.
पद्मनाभोऽरविन्दाक्षः पद्मगर्भः शरीरभृत् । महर्धिरृद्धो वृद्धात्मा महाक्षो गरुडध्वजः ॥
padmanābho'ravindākṣaḥ padmagarbhaḥ śarīrabhṛt । mahardhirṛddho vṛddhātmā mahākṣo garuḍadhvajaḥ ॥
अरविन्दाक्षः aravindākṣaḥ lotus-eyed शरीरभृत् śarīrabhṛt bearer of bodies महर्धिः mahardhiḥ of great prosperity गरुडध्वजः garuḍadhvajaḥ whose banner bears Garuda पद्मनाभ; अरविंदाक्ष; पद्मगर्भ; शरीर धारण करने वाले; महा-ऋद्धि वाले; ऋद्ध; वृद्धात्मा; महाक्ष; गरुड़ध्वज।
Lotus-naveled; lotus-eyed; seated in the lotus; the bearer of bodies; of great prosperity; the thriving; of mature self; the great-eyed; whose banner bears Garuda.
Lotus names: Padmanabha and Aravindaksha, lotus-naveled and lotus-eyed; Padmagarbha, seated in the lotus of the heart. Garudadhvaja, whose banner bears Garuda.
अतुलः शरभो भीमः समयज्ञो हविर्हरिः । सर्वलक्षणलक्षण्यो लक्ष्मीवान् समितिञ्जयः ॥
atulaḥ śarabho bhīmaḥ samayajño havirhariḥ । sarvalakṣaṇalakṣaṇyo lakṣmīvān samitiñjayaḥ ॥
अतुलः atulaḥ the incomparable समयज्ञः samayajñaḥ knower of the right time सर्वलक्षणलक्षण्यः sarvalakṣaṇalakṣaṇyaḥ marked by every auspicious sign लक्ष्मीवान् lakṣmīvān possessor of Lakshmi अतुलनीय; शरभ; भीम; समय को जानने वाले; हवि ग्रहण करने वाले हरि; सब शुभ लक्षणों से युक्त; लक्ष्मीवान; युद्ध में विजयी।
The incomparable; Sharabha; the formidable; knower of the right time; Hari, who receives the offering; marked by every auspicious sign; possessor of Lakshmi; victor in battle.
Atula, the incomparable; Sharabha, a mighty mythical beast; Samayajna, who knows the right time for each thing; Lakshmivan, possessor of Lakshmi; Samitinjaya, victor in battle.
विक्षरो रोहितो मार्गो हेतुर्दामोदरः सहः । महीधरो महाभागो वेगवानमिताशनः ॥
vikṣaro rohito mārgo heturdāmodaraḥ sahaḥ । mahīdharo mahābhāgo vegavānamitāśanaḥ ॥
मार्गः mārgaḥ the path हेतुः hetuḥ the cause दामोदरः dāmodaraḥ Damodara वेगवान् vegavān the swift विक्षर (अक्षय); रोहित; मार्ग; हेतु; दामोदर; सह (सहनशील); महीधर; महाभाग; वेगवान; अपार भोजन करने वाले।
The imperishable; the red one (Rohita); the path; the cause; Damodara (bound by a rope at the waist); the forbearing; the bearer of the mountain; the most fortunate; the swift; of boundless appetite.
Damodara, "with a rope around his belly", from the story of Yashoda tying the child Krishna to a mortar. Marga, "the path", to liberation; Hetu, the cause.
उद्भवः क्षोभणो देवः श्रीगर्भः परमेश्वरः । करणं कारणं कर्ता विकर्ता गहनो गुहः ॥
udbhavaḥ kṣobhaṇo devaḥ śrīgarbhaḥ parameśvaraḥ । karaṇaṃ kāraṇaṃ kartā vikartā gahano guhaḥ ॥
उद्भवः udbhavaḥ the origin क्षोभणः kṣobhaṇaḥ who stirs (creation) परमेश्वरः parameśvaraḥ the supreme lord गुहः guhaḥ the hidden उद्भव; क्षोभण (सृष्टि में हलचल लाने वाले); देव; श्रीगर्भ; परमेश्वर; करण; कारण; कर्ता; विकर्ता; गहन; गुह (छिपे हुए)।
The origin; the one who stirs (creation); the god; the one who holds Shri within; the supreme lord; the instrument; the cause; the doer; the varied maker; the unfathomable; the hidden.
Kshobhana, "who stirs" nature into creation; Shrigarbha, who holds Shri within; Karanam and Karanam, the instrument and the cause; Guha, the hidden, dwelling in the cave of the heart.
व्यवसायो व्यवस्थानः संस्थानः स्थानदो ध्रुवः । परर्द्धिः परमस्पष्टस्तुष्टः पुष्टः शुभेक्षणः ॥
vyavasāyo vyavasthānaḥ saṃsthānaḥ sthānado dhruvaḥ । pararddhiḥ paramaspaṣṭastuṣṭaḥ puṣṭaḥ śubhekṣaṇaḥ ॥
व्यवसायः vyavasāyaḥ firm resolve स्थानदः sthānadaḥ giver of position तुष्टः tuṣṭaḥ the contented शुभेक्षणः śubhekṣaṇaḥ of auspicious gaze व्यवसाय (निश्चय-स्वरूप); व्यवस्थान (सबका आधार); संस्थान (अंतिम स्थिति); स्थान देने वाले; ध्रुव; परम ऋद्धि वाले; परम स्पष्ट; तुष्ट; पुष्ट; शुभ दृष्टि वाले।
Firm resolve; the ground of all; the final resting place; the giver of position; the constant; of supreme wealth; supremely clear; the contented; the full; of auspicious gaze.
Vyavasaya, firm resolve; Samsthana, the final resting place of all at dissolution; Shubhekshana, "of auspicious gaze": his look brings blessing.
रामो विरामो विरजो मार्गो नेयो नयोऽनयः । वीरः शक्तिमतां श्रेष्ठो धर्मोधर्म विदुत्तमः ॥
rāmo virāmo virajo mārgo neyo nayo'nayaḥ । vīraḥ śaktimatāṃ śreṣṭho dharmodharma viduttamaḥ ॥
रामः rāmaḥ Rama, the delightful विरजः virajaḥ stainless शक्तिमतां श्रेष्ठः śaktimatāṃ śreṣṭhaḥ best of the mighty धर्मः dharmaḥ dharma राम; विराम (सबका विश्राम); विरज (निर्मल); मार्ग; नेय (प्राप्त करने योग्य); नय (मार्गदर्शक); अनय (जिनका कोई नेता नहीं); वीर; शक्तिमानों में श्रेष्ठ; धर्म; धर्म जानने वालों में उत्तम।
Rama, the delightful; the end of all; the stainless; the path; the one to be reached; the guide; the one without a guide; the hero; the best of the mighty; dharma; the best of the knowers of dharma.
Rama, "the delightful", one in whom yogis delight, and also the avatar Rama; Virama, the end where all comes to rest; Viraja, stainless. He is dharma and the best knower of dharma.
वैकुण्ठः पुरुषः प्राणः प्राणदः प्रणवः पृथुः । हिरण्यगर्भः शत्रुघ्नो व्याप्तो वायुरधोक्षजः ॥
vaikuṇṭhaḥ puruṣaḥ prāṇaḥ prāṇadaḥ praṇavaḥ pṛthuḥ । hiraṇyagarbhaḥ śatrughno vyāpto vāyuradhokṣajaḥ ॥
वैकुण्ठः vaikuṇṭhaḥ Vaikuntha प्रणवः praṇavaḥ Om शत्रुघ्नः śatrughnaḥ slayer of foes अधोक्षजः adhokṣajaḥ beyond the senses वैकुंठ; पुरुष; प्राण; प्राणद; प्रणव (ॐ); पृथु; हिरण्यगर्भ; शत्रुघ्न; व्याप्त; वायु; अधोक्षज।
Vaikuntha; the Person; the life-breath; the giver of breath; Om (Pranava); the vast; the golden womb; the slayer of foes; the all-pervading; the wind; Adhokshaja (beyond the senses).
Vaikuntha, Vishnu's abode and name; Pranava, the syllable Om; Hiranyagarbha again; Adhokshaja, "beyond the senses".
ऋतुः सुदर्शनः कालः परमेष्ठी परिग्रहः । उग्रः संवत्सरो दक्षो विश्रामो विश्वदक्षिणः ॥
ṛtuḥ sudarśanaḥ kālaḥ parameṣṭhī parigrahaḥ । ugraḥ saṃvatsaro dakṣo viśrāmo viśvadakṣiṇaḥ ॥
सुदर्शनः sudarśanaḥ beautiful to see कालः kālaḥ time परमेष्ठी parameṣṭhī who abides in the highest विश्रामः viśrāmaḥ the resting place ऋतु; सुदर्शन; काल; परमेष्ठी; परिग्रह (सब ग्रहण करने वाले); उग्र; संवत्सर; दक्ष; विश्राम; विश्व-दक्षिण (परम उदार)।
The season; the beautiful-sighted (Sudarshana); time; the one who abides in the highest; the receiver of all; the fierce; the year; the able; the resting place; the most generous.
Ritu, the season; Sudarshana, "beautiful to see", also the name of his discus; Kala, time; Parameshthi, who abides in the highest; Samvatsara, the year.
विस्तारः स्थावर स्थाणुः प्रमाणं बीजमव्ययम् । अर्थोऽनर्थो महाकोशो महाभोगो महाधनः ॥
vistāraḥ sthāvara sthāṇuḥ pramāṇaṃ bījamavyayam । artho'nartho mahākośo mahābhogo mahādhanaḥ ॥
विस्तारः vistāraḥ the expanse बीजम् bījam the seed अनर्थः anarthaḥ free of need महाकोशः mahākośaḥ the great treasury विस्तार; स्थावर और स्थाणु; प्रमाण; अव्यय बीज; अर्थ; अनर्थ (जिन्हें कोई प्रयोजन नहीं); महाकोश; महाभोग; महाधन।
The expanse; the steady and unmoving; the measure of truth; the imperishable seed; the goal; free of need; the great treasury; of great enjoyment; of great wealth.
Bijam avyayam, the imperishable seed from which creation grows again; Artha, the goal all seek; Anartha, one who himself needs nothing; Mahakosha, the great treasury.
अनिर्विण्णः स्थविष्ठोऽभूर्धर्मयूपो महामखः । नक्षत्रनेमिर्नक्षत्री क्षमः क्षामः समीहनः ॥
anirviṇṇaḥ sthaviṣṭho'bhūrdharmayūpo mahāmakhaḥ । nakṣatranemirnakṣatrī kṣamaḥ kṣāmaḥ samīhanaḥ ॥
अनिर्विण्णः anirviṇṇaḥ never weary धर्मयूपः dharmayūpaḥ the sacrificial post of dharma नक्षत्रनेमिः nakṣatranemiḥ hub of the stars महामखः mahāmakhaḥ the great sacrifice अनिर्विण्ण (कभी न थकने वाले); स्थविष्ठ; अभू (अजन्मा); धर्म के यूप; महामख (महायज्ञ); नक्षत्रों की धुरी; नक्षत्री (चंद्र); क्षम; क्षाम (प्रलय में शेष); समीहन (सृष्टि की इच्छा करने वाले)।
The never-weary; the vastest; the unborn; the sacrificial post of dharma; the great sacrifice; the hub of the stars; the lord of the stars; the able; the one who remains when all is withered; the one who wills (creation).
Dharmayupa, "the sacrificial post of dharma", to which all dharma is tied; Nakshatranemi, the hub around which the stars turn; Kshama, the one who remains when all has withered at dissolution.
यज्ञ इज्यो महेज्यश्च क्रतुः सत्रं सतां गतिः । सर्वदर्शी विमुक्तात्मा सर्वज्ञो ज्ञानमुत्तमम् ॥
yajña ijyo mahejyaśca kratuḥ satraṃ satāṃ gatiḥ । sarvadarśī vimuktātmā sarvajño jñānamuttamam ॥
यज्ञः yajñaḥ sacrifice इज्यः ijyaḥ the one to be worshipped सर्वज्ञः sarvajñaḥ the all-knowing ज्ञानमुत्तमम् jñānamuttamam the highest knowledge यज्ञ; इज्य (पूजनीय); महेज्य; क्रतु; सत्र; सज्जनों की गति; सर्वदर्शी; विमुक्तात्मा; सर्वज्ञ; उत्तम ज्ञान।
Sacrifice; the one to be worshipped; the most worthy of worship; the rite; the sacrificial session; the goal of the good; the seer of all; of liberated self; the all-knowing; the highest knowledge.
He is the sacrifice (yajna) and the one worshipped in it, the rite and the session; and, beyond ritual, the all-seeing, the liberated self, and the highest knowledge.
सुव्रतः सुमुखः सूक्ष्मः सुघोषः सुखदः सुहृत् । मनोहरो जितक्रोधो वीरबाहुर्विदारणः ॥
suvrataḥ sumukhaḥ sūkṣmaḥ sughoṣaḥ sukhadaḥ suhṛt । manoharo jitakrodho vīrabāhurvidāraṇaḥ ॥
सुव्रतः suvrataḥ of good vows सुमुखः sumukhaḥ of fair face सुहृत् suhṛt the friend जितक्रोधः jitakrodhaḥ conqueror of anger सुव्रत; सुमुख; सूक्ष्म; सुघोष; सुखद; सुहृद; मनोहर; जितक्रोध; वीर भुजाओं वाले; विदारण (दुष्टों को चीरने वाले)।
Of good vows; of fair face; the subtle; of pleasing voice; the giver of happiness; the friend; the enchanter of the mind; the conqueror of anger; of heroic arms; the one who tears apart (the wicked).
A gentle verse: of good vows, of a fair face, subtle, with a pleasing voice, giver of happiness and friend (suhrit) of all. He is also Jitakrodha, who has conquered anger.
स्वापनः स्ववशो व्यापी नैकात्मा नैककर्मकृत् । वत्सरो वत्सलो वत्सी रत्नगर्भो धनेश्वरः ॥
svāpanaḥ svavaśo vyāpī naikātmā naikakarmakṛt । vatsaro vatsalo vatsī ratnagarbho dhaneśvaraḥ ॥
स्ववशः svavaśaḥ self-governed वत्सलः vatsalaḥ loving वत्सी vatsī cherisher of calves रत्नगर्भः ratnagarbhaḥ womb of jewels स्वापन (प्रलय में सुलाने वाले); स्ववश; व्यापी; अनेक आत्मा वाले; अनेक कर्म करने वाले; वत्सर; वत्सल; वत्सी (बछड़ों के पालक); रत्नगर्भ; धनेश्वर।
The one who puts to sleep (at dissolution); self-governed; the pervader; of many selves; the doer of many deeds; the year; the loving; the cherisher of calves; the womb of jewels; the lord of wealth.
Vatsala, "loving", like a cow to her calf; Vatsi, who cherishes the calves, recalling Krishna the cowherd; Ratnagarbha, the womb of jewels, the ocean; Dhaneshvara, lord of wealth.
धर्मगुब्धर्मकृद्धर्मी सदसत्क्षरमक्षरम् । अविज्ञाता सहस्रांशुर्विधाता कृतलक्षणः ॥
dharmagubdharmakṛddharmī sadasatkṣaramakṣaram । avijñātā sahasrāṃśurvidhātā kṛtalakṣaṇaḥ ॥
धर्मगुप् dharmagup protector of dharma सदसत् sadasat being and non-being अक्षरम् akṣaram the imperishable अविज्ञाता avijñātā the unknown knower धर्म के रक्षक; धर्म के कर्ता; धर्मी; सत् और असत्; क्षर और अक्षर; अविज्ञाता; सहस्रांशु; विधाता; कृतलक्षण।
Protector of dharma; maker of dharma; upholder of dharma; being and non-being; the perishable and the imperishable; the unknown knower; the thousand-rayed; the ordainer; the one of manifest signs.
Protector, maker and upholder of dharma. He is sat and asat, being and non-being, the perishable and the imperishable: everything that is. Avijnata, "the unknown", the knower who is never himself an object of knowing.
गभस्तिनेमिः सत्त्वस्थः सिंहो भूत महेश्वरः । आदिदेवो महादेवो देवेशो देवभृद्गुरुः ॥
gabhastinemiḥ sattvasthaḥ siṃho bhūta maheśvaraḥ । ādidevo mahādevo deveśo devabhṛdguruḥ ॥
सत्त्वस्थः sattvasthaḥ abiding in goodness आदिदेवः ādidevaḥ the first god महादेवः mahādevaḥ the great god देवेशः deveśaḥ lord of the gods किरणों की धुरी; सत्त्व में स्थित; सिंह; भूतों के महेश्वर; आदिदेव; महादेव; देवेश; देवताओं के पालक; गुरु।
The hub of the rays; abiding in goodness; the lion; the great lord of beings; the first god; the great god; the lord of the gods; the sustainer of the gods; the teacher.
Here names like Mahadeva and Adideva appear, again names shared with Shiva. Gabhastinemi, "the hub of the rays", is the sun at the centre of its light.
उत्तरो गोपतिर्गोप्ता ज्ञानगम्यः पुरातनः । शरीरभूतभृद्भोक्ता कपीन्द्रो भूरिदक्षिणः ॥
uttaro gopatirgoptā jñānagamyaḥ purātanaḥ । śarīrabhūtabhṛdbhoktā kapīndro bhūridakṣiṇaḥ ॥
गोपतिः gopatiḥ lord of cows ज्ञानगम्यः jñānagamyaḥ reached by knowledge पुरातनः purātanaḥ the ancient कपीन्द्रः kapīndraḥ lord of the monkeys उत्तर (संसार से पार कराने वाले); गोपति; गोप्ता; ज्ञान से प्राप्त होने वाले; पुरातन; शरीर के भूतों के पालक; भोक्ता; कपींद्र; भूरिदक्षिण (अति उदार)।
The one who lifts (beyond the world); the lord of cows; the protector; the one reached by knowledge; the ancient; the sustainer of the elements of the body; the enjoyer; the lord of the monkeys; of great generosity.
Gopati and Gopta, lord and protector of cows, Krishna in Braj; Jnanagamya, reached through knowledge; Kapindra, lord of the monkeys, read as Rama, whom the vanaras served.
सोमपोऽमृतपः सोमः पुरुजित्पुरुसत्तमः । विनयो जयः सत्यसन्धो दाशार्हः सात्वतां पतिः ॥
somapo'mṛtapaḥ somaḥ purujitpurusattamaḥ । vinayo jayaḥ satyasandho dāśārhaḥ sātvatāṃ patiḥ ॥
सोमपः somapaḥ drinker of soma सत्यसन्धः satyasandhaḥ true to his word दाशार्हः dāśārhaḥ of the Dasharha clan सात्वतां पतिः sātvatāṃ patiḥ lord of the Satvatas सोमपान करने वाले; अमृतपान करने वाले; सोम; अनेकों को जीतने वाले; पुरुषों में श्रेष्ठ; विनय; जय; सत्यसंध; दाशार्ह; सात्वतों के स्वामी।
Drinker of soma; drinker of nectar; the moon; the conqueror of many; the best of the many; humility; victory; true to his word; of the Dasharha clan; lord of the Satvatas.
Dasharha and lord of the Satvatas: both are clans of the Yadavas, Krishna's people. Satyasandha, "true to his word", a quality also praised in Rama.
जीवो विनयिता साक्षी मुकुन्दोऽमितविक्रमः । अम्भोनिधिरनन्तात्मा महोदधिशयोऽन्तकः ॥
jīvo vinayitā sākṣī mukundo'mitavikramaḥ । ambhonidhiranantātmā mahodadhiśayo'ntakaḥ ॥
जीवः jīvaḥ the living soul साक्षी sākṣī the witness मुकुन्दः mukundaḥ giver of liberation महोदधिशयः mahodadhiśayaḥ who reclines on the great ocean जीव; विनयिता (अनुशासन करने वाले); साक्षी; मुकुंद; अमित विक्रम; अंभोनिधि (सागर); अनंतात्मा; महासागर में शयन करने वाले; अंतक।
The living soul; the one who disciplines; the witness; Mukunda, giver of liberation; of boundless valour; the ocean; of infinite self; who reclines on the great ocean; the ender.
Mukunda, "giver of liberation" (mukti); Mahodadhishaya, who reclines on the great ocean, on the serpent Shesha; Antaka, the ender, death to all things.
अजो महार्हः स्वाभाव्यो जितामित्रः प्रमोदनः । आनन्दो नन्दनो नन्दः सत्यधर्मा त्रिविक्रमः ॥
ajo mahārhaḥ svābhāvyo jitāmitraḥ pramodanaḥ । ānando nandano nandaḥ satyadharmā trivikramaḥ ॥
प्रमोदनः pramodanaḥ the gladdener आनन्दः ānandaḥ bliss सत्यधर्मा satyadharmā whose dharma is truth त्रिविक्रमः trivikramaḥ of the three strides अज; महार्ह; स्वाभाव्य; जितामित्र; प्रमोदन; आनंद; नंदन; नंद; सत्यधर्मा; त्रिविक्रम।
The unborn; the most worthy; the self-natured; the conqueror of foes; the gladdener; bliss; the delighter; the joyful; whose dharma is truth; Trivikrama, of the three strides.
A verse of joy: the gladdener, bliss (ananda), the delighter and the joyful. Trivikrama, "of the three strides", is Vamana grown vast to cover earth, sky and heaven.
महर्षिः कपिलाचार्यः कृतज्ञो मेदिनीपतिः । त्रिपदस्त्रिदशाध्यक्षो महाशृङ्गः कृतान्तकृत् ॥
maharṣiḥ kapilācāryaḥ kṛtajño medinīpatiḥ । tripadastridaśādhyakṣo mahāśṛṅgaḥ kṛtāntakṛt ॥
कपिलाचार्यः kapilācāryaḥ the teacher Kapila मेदिनीपतिः medinīpatiḥ lord of the earth त्रिपदः tripadaḥ of three steps महाशृङ्गः mahāśṛṅgaḥ the great-horned (fish) महर्षि; कपिलाचार्य; कृतज्ञ; मेदिनीपति; त्रिपद; देवताओं के अध्यक्ष; महाशृंग (मत्स्य रूप); कृतांतकृत (मृत्यु का अंत करने वाले)।
The great sage; Kapila the teacher; the grateful; lord of the earth; of three steps; lord of the gods; the great-horned (fish); the destroyer of death.
Kapilacharya, the sage Kapila, teacher of Sankhya, counted among the avatars. Mahashringa, "the great-horned", is the Fish (Matsya), to whose horn Manu's boat was tied in the flood.
महावराहो गोविन्दः सुषेणः कनकाङ्गदी । गुह्यो गभीरो गहनो गुप्तश्चक्रगदाधरः ॥
mahāvarāho govindaḥ suṣeṇaḥ kanakāṅgadī । guhyo gabhīro gahano guptaścakragadādharaḥ ॥
महावराहः mahāvarāhaḥ the great boar कनकाङ्गदी kanakāṅgadī wearing golden armlets गभीरः gabhīraḥ the deep चक्रगदाधरः cakragadādharaḥ bearer of discus and mace महावराह; गोविंद; सुषेण; स्वर्ण-बाजूबंद धारी; गुह्य; गंभीर; गहन; गुप्त; चक्र और गदा धारण करने वाले।
The great boar (Varaha); Govinda; with a fine army; wearing golden armlets; the secret; the deep; the unfathomable; the hidden; the bearer of discus and mace.
Mahavaraha, the great boar who raised the earth from the waters. Then names of mystery: secret, deep, unfathomable, hidden. He bears the discus and the mace.
वेधाः स्वाङ्गोऽजितः कृष्णो दृढः सङ्कर्षणोऽच्युतः । वरुणो वारुणो वृक्षः पुष्कराक्षो महामनाः ॥
vedhāḥ svāṅgo'jitaḥ kṛṣṇo dṛḍhaḥ saṅkarṣaṇo'cyutaḥ । varuṇo vāruṇo vṛkṣaḥ puṣkarākṣo mahāmanāḥ ॥
अजितः ajitaḥ the unconquered सङ्कर्षणः saṅkarṣaṇaḥ Sankarshana वरुणः varuṇaḥ Varuna वृक्षः vṛkṣaḥ the tree वेधा; स्वांग; अजित; कृष्ण; दृढ़; संकर्षण; अच्युत; वरुण; वारुण; वृक्ष; पुष्कराक्ष; महामना।
The creator; whose limbs are his own; the unconquered; Krishna; the firm; Sankarshana; the unfallen; Varuna; son of Varuna; the tree; lotus-eyed; great-minded.
Krishna again; Sankarshana, one of the four vyuhas and a name of Balarama; Varuna, lord of the waters; Vriksha, the tree, the world-tree on which all rests.
भगवान् भगहाऽऽनन्दी वनमाली हलायुधः । आदित्यो ज्योतिरादित्यः सहिष्णुर्गतिसत्तमः ॥
bhagavān bhagahā''nandī vanamālī halāyudhaḥ । ādityo jyotirādityaḥ sahiṣṇurgatisattamaḥ ॥
भगवान् bhagavān the blessed Lord वनमाली vanamālī wearing the forest garland हलायुधः halāyudhaḥ with the plough as weapon गतिसत्तमः gatisattamaḥ the best of goals भगवान; भगहा; आनंदी; वनमाली; हलायुध; आदित्य; ज्योतिरादित्य; सहिष्णु; श्रेष्ठ गति।
The blessed lord; the destroyer of (worldly) fortune at dissolution; the joyous; wearing the forest garland; holding the plough as a weapon; Aditya; the light of the suns; the patient; the best of goals.
Bhagavan, the blessed Lord; Vanamali, wearing the garland of forest flowers; Halayudha, "with the plough as weapon", Balarama. Jyotiraditya, the light within the sun.
सुधन्वा खण्डपरशुर्दारुणो द्रविणप्रदः । दिवःस्पृक् सर्वदृग्व्यासो वाचस्पतिरयोनिजः ॥
sudhanvā khaṇḍaparaśurdāruṇo draviṇapradaḥ । divaḥspṛk sarvadṛgvyāso vācaspatirayonijaḥ ॥
सुधन्वा sudhanvā of the good bow खण्डपरशुः khaṇḍaparaśuḥ with the axe व्यासः vyāsaḥ Vyasa अयोनिजः ayonijaḥ not born of a womb सुधन्वा; खंडपरशु; दारुण; द्रविणप्रद (धन देने वाले); दिवःस्पृक् (स्वर्ग को छूने वाले); सर्वदृक्; व्यास; वाचस्पति; अयोनिज।
Of the good bow; holding the axe (Parashurama); the terrible; the giver of wealth; touching the heavens; the all-seeing; Vyasa; the lord of speech; not born of a womb.
Khandaparashu, "with the axe", is read as Parashurama; Vyasa, the compiler of the Vedas, is named as a form of the Lord; Ayonija, "not born from a womb".
त्रिसामा सामगः साम निर्वाणं भेषजं भिषक् । संन्यासकृच्छमः शान्तो निष्ठा शान्तिः परायणम् ॥
trisāmā sāmagaḥ sāma nirvāṇaṃ bheṣajaṃ bhiṣak । saṃnyāsakṛcchamaḥ śānto niṣṭhā śāntiḥ parāyaṇam ॥
सामगः sāmagaḥ singer of the Sama निर्वाणम् nirvāṇam liberation भेषजम् bheṣajam medicine भिषक् bhiṣak physician त्रिसामा; सामग; साम; निर्वाण; भेषज (औषध); भिषक् (वैद्य); संन्यास के कर्ता; शम; शांत; निष्ठा; शांति; परायण।
Praised by the three Samas; the singer of the Sama; the Sama itself; liberation; the medicine; the physician; the founder of renunciation; calm; peaceful; the ground; peace; the highest refuge.
Trisama, praised by the three kinds of Sama chant; Nirvana, liberation itself; Bheshaja and Bhishak, the medicine and the physician for the disease of samsara; Shanti, peace.
शुभाङ्गः शान्तिदः स्रष्टा कुमुदः कुवलेशयः । गोहितो गोपतिर्गोप्ता वृषभाक्षो वृषप्रियः ॥
śubhāṅgaḥ śāntidaḥ sraṣṭā kumudaḥ kuvaleśayaḥ । gohito gopatirgoptā vṛṣabhākṣo vṛṣapriyaḥ ॥
शुभाङ्गः śubhāṅgaḥ of auspicious limbs शान्तिदः śāntidaḥ giver of peace गोहितः gohitaḥ friend of cows वृषप्रियः vṛṣapriyaḥ who loves dharma शुभ अंगों वाले; शांतिद; स्रष्टा; कुमुद (पृथ्वी को आनंद देने वाले); कुवलेशय (जल में शयन करने वाले); गोहित; गोपति; गोप्ता; वृषभाक्ष; वृषप्रिय (धर्मप्रिय)।
Of auspicious limbs; the giver of peace; the creator; the one who delights in the earth; reclining on the waters; the friend of cows; the lord of cows; the protector; bull-eyed; who loves dharma.
Kumuda, "who delights the earth"; Kuvaleshaya, "reclining on the waters"; Gohita, friend of cows; Vrishabhaksha, whose eyes rain blessings.
अनिवर्ती निवृत्तात्मा सङ्क्षेप्ता क्षेमकृच्छिवः । श्रीवत्सवक्षाः श्रीवासः श्रीपतिः श्रीमतांवरः ॥
anivartī nivṛttātmā saṅkṣeptā kṣemakṛcchivaḥ । śrīvatsavakṣāḥ śrīvāsaḥ śrīpatiḥ śrīmatāṃvaraḥ ॥
अनिवर्ती anivartī who never turns back क्षेमकृत् kṣemakṛt maker of welfare श्रीवत्सवक्षाः śrīvatsavakṣāḥ with the Shrivatsa on his chest श्रीपतिः śrīpatiḥ lord of Shri अनिवर्ती; निवृत्तात्मा; संक्षेप्ता; क्षेमकृत; शिव; श्रीवत्सवक्षा; श्रीवास; श्रीपति; श्रीमानों में श्रेष्ठ।
The one who never turns back; of withdrawn self; the one who draws all in; the maker of welfare; the auspicious; with the Shrivatsa mark on his chest; the dwelling of Shri; the lord of Shri; the best of the prosperous.
Shrivatsavaksha, "with the Shrivatsa on his chest", the mark of Lakshmi on Vishnu's breast. Shripati, lord of Shri. The next verse continues the names built on Shri.
श्रीदः श्रीशः श्रीनिवासः श्रीनिधिः श्रीविभावनः । श्रीधरः श्रीकरः श्रेयः श्रीमाँल्लोकत्रयाश्रयः ॥
śrīdaḥ śrīśaḥ śrīnivāsaḥ śrīnidhiḥ śrīvibhāvanaḥ । śrīdharaḥ śrīkaraḥ śreyaḥ śrīmām̐llokatrayāśrayaḥ ॥
श्रीदः śrīdaḥ giver of Shri श्रीनिधिः śrīnidhiḥ treasury of Shri श्रीधरः śrīdharaḥ bearer of Shri लोकत्रयाश्रयः lokatrayāśrayaḥ refuge of the three worlds श्रीद; श्रीश; श्रीनिवास; श्रीनिधि; श्रीविभावन; श्रीधर; श्रीकर; श्रेय; श्रीमान; तीनों लोकों के आश्रय।
The giver of Shri; the lord of Shri; the abode of Shri; the treasury of Shri; the one who distributes Shri; the bearer of Shri; the maker of Shri; the highest good; the glorious; the refuge of the three worlds.
A whole verse of Shri-names: giver, lord, abode, treasury and bearer of Shri, Lakshmi or glory. Lokatrayashraya, refuge of the three worlds.
स्वक्षः स्वङ्गः शतानन्दो नन्दिर्ज्योतिर्गणेश्वरः । विजितात्माऽविधेयात्मा सत्कीर्तिश्छिन्नसंशयः ॥
svakṣaḥ svaṅgaḥ śatānando nandirjyotirgaṇeśvaraḥ । vijitātmā'vidheyātmā satkīrtiśchinnasaṃśayaḥ ॥
शतानन्दः śatānandaḥ of a hundred joys विजितात्मा vijitātmā self-conquered सत्कीर्तिः satkīrtiḥ of true fame छिन्नसंशयः chinnasaṃśayaḥ who cuts all doubt स्वक्ष; स्वंग; शतानंद; नंदी; ज्योति; गणेश्वर; विजितात्मा; अविधेयात्मा; सत्कीर्ति; छिन्नसंशय।
Of beautiful eyes; of beautiful limbs; of a hundred joys; the joy; the light; lord of the hosts; the self-conquered; the one ruled by none; of true fame; the one who cuts all doubt.
Shatananda, of a hundred (endless) joys; Ganeshvara, lord of the hosts; Vijitatma, self-conquered; Chhinnasamshaya, one who cuts all doubts, for whom all is clear.
उदीर्णः सर्वतश्चक्षुरनीशः शाश्वतस्थिरः । भूशयो भूषणो भूतिर्विशोकः शोकनाशनः ॥
udīrṇaḥ sarvataścakṣuranīśaḥ śāśvatasthiraḥ । bhūśayo bhūṣaṇo bhūtirviśokaḥ śokanāśanaḥ ॥
सर्वतश्चक्षुः sarvataścakṣuḥ with eyes everywhere अनीशः anīśaḥ without a master भूशयः bhūśayaḥ lying on the ground शोकनाशनः śokanāśanaḥ destroyer of sorrow उदीर्ण; सर्वतश्चक्षु; अनीश (जिनका कोई स्वामी नहीं); शाश्वत-स्थिर; भूशय; भूषण; भूति; विशोक; शोकनाशन।
The exalted; with eyes everywhere; the one without a master; eternal and steady; lying on the ground (at the bridge to Lanka); the ornament; prosperity; free of sorrow; the destroyer of sorrow.
Sarvatashchakshu, with eyes everywhere; Anisha, who has no master over him. Bhushaya, "lying on the ground", is read as Rama, who lay on the seashore while asking the ocean to let him cross to Lanka. Shokanashana, destroyer of sorrow.
अर्चिष्मानर्चितः कुम्भो विशुद्धात्मा विशोधनः । अनिरुद्धोऽप्रतिरथः प्रद्युम्नोऽमितविक्रमः ॥
arciṣmānarcitaḥ kumbho viśuddhātmā viśodhanaḥ । aniruddho'pratirathaḥ pradyumno'mitavikramaḥ ॥
अर्चिष्मान् arciṣmān the radiant विशोधनः viśodhanaḥ the purifier अप्रतिरथः apratirathaḥ without equal in battle प्रद्युम्नः pradyumnaḥ Pradyumna अर्चिष्मान; अर्चित; कुंभ; विशुद्धात्मा; विशोधन; अनिरुद्ध; अप्रतिरथ; प्रद्युम्न; अमितविक्रम।
The radiant; the worshipped; the vessel; of purified self; the purifier; Aniruddha; without equal in battle; Pradyumna; of boundless valour.
Kumbha, the vessel that holds all; Aniruddha and Pradyumna, two of the four vyuhas, also Krishna's grandson and son. Apratiratha, who has no equal in battle.
कालनेमिनिहा वीरः शौरिः शूरजनेश्वरः । त्रिलोकात्मा त्रिलोकेशः केशवः केशिहा हरिः ॥
kālaneminihā vīraḥ śauriḥ śūrajaneśvaraḥ । trilokātmā trilokeśaḥ keśavaḥ keśihā hariḥ ॥
कालनेमिनिहा kālaneminihā slayer of Kalanemi त्रिलोकेशः trilokeśaḥ lord of the three worlds केशिहा keśihā slayer of Keshi हरिः hariḥ Hari कालनेमि का वध करने वाले; वीर; शौरि; शूरजनेश्वर; त्रिलोकात्मा; त्रिलोकेश; केशव; केशिहा; हरि।
Slayer of Kalanemi; the hero; Shauri; lord of the valiant; the self of the three worlds; lord of the three worlds; Keshava; slayer of Keshi; Hari.
Kalaneminiha, slayer of Kalanemi, an asura killed by Vishnu; Shauri again; Keshiha, slayer of Keshi, the horse-demon Krishna killed in Braj; and Hari, "who takes away" sin.
कामदेवः कामपालः कामी कान्तः कृतागमः । अनिर्देश्यवपुर्विष्णुर्वीरोऽनन्तो धनञ्जयः ॥
kāmadevaḥ kāmapālaḥ kāmī kāntaḥ kṛtāgamaḥ । anirdeśyavapurviṣṇurvīro'nanto dhanañjayaḥ ॥
कामदेवः kāmadevaḥ god of love कामपालः kāmapālaḥ protector of desires कृतागमः kṛtāgamaḥ giver of scripture धनञ्जयः dhanañjayaḥ Dhananjaya कामदेव; कामपाल; कामी; कांत; कृतागम; अनिर्देश्य शरीर वाले; विष्णु; वीर; अनंत; धनंजय।
Kamadeva; the protector of desires; the one who desires (the good); the beloved; the giver of scripture; of indescribable form; Vishnu; the hero; the infinite; Dhananjaya.
Kamadeva, the god of love, here as one whom all desire; Kamapala, protector of desires; Dhananjaya, "winner of wealth", a name of Arjuna: in the Gita Krishna says that among the Pandavas he is Dhananjaya.
ब्रह्मण्यो ब्रह्मकृद् ब्रह्मा ब्रह्म ब्रह्मविवर्धनः । ब्रह्मविद् ब्राह्मणो ब्रह्मी ब्रह्मज्ञो ब्राह्मणप्रियः ॥
brahmaṇyo brahmakṛd brahmā brahma brahmavivardhanaḥ । brahmavid brāhmaṇo brahmī brahmajño brāhmaṇapriyaḥ ॥
ब्रह्मण्यः brahmaṇyaḥ devoted to Brahman ब्रह्मा brahmā Brahma, the creator ब्रह्म brahma Brahman ब्रह्मविद् brahmavid knower of Brahman ब्रह्मण्य; ब्रह्मकृत; ब्रह्मा; ब्रह्म; ब्रह्मविवर्धन; ब्रह्मविद; ब्राह्मण; ब्रह्मी; ब्रह्मज्ञ; ब्राह्मणप्रिय।
Devoted to Brahman; the maker of Brahman (the Veda); Brahma; Brahman; the increaser of Brahman; the knower of Brahman; the brahmin; the one with Brahman; the knower of the Veda; dear to brahmins.
A verse built on the word brahma, which means both the Veda and the absolute: devoted to Brahman, maker of the Veda, Brahma the creator, Brahman itself, knower of Brahman, and dear to brahmins.
महाक्रमो महाकर्मा महातेजा महोरगः । महाक्रतुर्महायज्वा महायज्ञो महाहविः ॥
mahākramo mahākarmā mahātejā mahoragaḥ । mahākraturmahāyajvā mahāyajño mahāhaviḥ ॥
महाक्रमः mahākramaḥ of great strides महोरगः mahoragaḥ the great serpent महायज्ञः mahāyajñaḥ the great sacrifice महाहविः mahāhaviḥ the great offering महाक्रम; महाकर्मा; महातेजा; महोरग; महाक्रतु; महायज्वा; महायज्ञ; महाहवि।
Of great strides; of great deeds; of great brilliance; the great serpent; the great rite; the great sacrificer; the great sacrifice; the great offering.
"Great" names of sacrifice: of great strides, great deeds, great brilliance, the great serpent (Shesha); the great rite, the great sacrificer, the great sacrifice and the great offering.
स्तव्यः स्तवप्रियः स्तोत्रं स्तुतिः स्तोता रणप्रियः । पूर्णः पूरयिता पुण्यः पुण्यकीर्तिरनामयः ॥
stavyaḥ stavapriyaḥ stotraṃ stutiḥ stotā raṇapriyaḥ । pūrṇaḥ pūrayitā puṇyaḥ puṇyakīrtiranāmayaḥ ॥
स्तव्यः stavyaḥ the one to be praised स्तवप्रियः stavapriyaḥ who loves praise स्तोता stotā the praiser पूर्णः pūrṇaḥ the full स्तव्य; स्तवप्रिय; स्तोत्र; स्तुति; स्तोता; रणप्रिय; पूर्ण; पूरयिता; पुण्य; पुण्यकीर्ति; अनामय।
The one to be praised; who loves praise; the hymn; the praise; the praiser; who loves battle; the full; the one who fulfils; the holy; of holy fame; free of disease.
A verse on praise itself: he is the one praised, the one who loves praise, the hymn, the praise and even the one who praises. Purna, the full, and Purayita, who fulfils.
मनोजवस्तीर्थकरो वसुरेता वसुप्रदः । वसुप्रदो वासुदेवो वसुर्वसुमना हविः ॥
manojavastīrthakaro vasuretā vasupradaḥ । vasuprado vāsudevo vasurvasumanā haviḥ ॥
मनोजवः manojavaḥ swift as the mind तीर्थकरः tīrthakaraḥ maker of sacred fords वसुप्रदः vasupradaḥ giver of wealth हविः haviḥ the offering मनोजव; तीर्थकर; वसुरेता; वसुप्रद; वसुप्रद; वासुदेव; वसु; वसुमना; हवि।
Swift as the mind; the maker of sacred fords; of golden seed; the giver of wealth; the giver of wealth (and liberation); Vasudeva; wealth; of generous mind; the offering.
Manojava, swift as the mind; Tirthakara, maker of tirthas, the sacred fords, or of the paths of knowledge. Vasuprada appears twice in a row: the commentaries read the first as giver of wealth and the second as giver of the highest wealth, liberation.
सद्गतिः सत्कृतिः सत्ता सद्भूतिः सत्परायणः । शूरसेनो यदुश्रेष्ठः सन्निवासः सुयामुनः ॥
sadgatiḥ satkṛtiḥ sattā sadbhūtiḥ satparāyaṇaḥ । śūraseno yaduśreṣṭhaḥ sannivāsaḥ suyāmunaḥ ॥
सद्गतिः sadgatiḥ goal of the good सत्ता sattā existence यदुश्रेष्ठः yaduśreṣṭhaḥ best of the Yadus सुयामुनः suyāmunaḥ of the lovely Yamuna सद्गति; सत्कृति; सत्ता; सद्भूति; सत्परायण; शूरसेन; यदुश्रेष्ठ; सन्निवास; सुयामुन।
The goal of the good; good action; existence; good prosperity; the refuge of the good; leader of the Shurasenas; the best of the Yadus; the dwelling of the good; of the good Yamuna (shore).
Sadgati, goal of the good; Satta, pure existence; Shurasena and Yadushreshtha, Krishna as leader of the Shurasenas and best of the Yadus; Suyamuna, of the lovely Yamuna, where he grew up.
भूतावासो वासुदेवः सर्वासुनिलयोऽनलः । दर्पहा दर्पदो दृप्तो दुर्धरोऽथापराजितः ॥
bhūtāvāso vāsudevaḥ sarvāsunilayo'nalaḥ । darpahā darpado dṛpto durdharo'thāparājitaḥ ॥
भूतावासः bhūtāvāsaḥ dwelling of beings दर्पहा darpahā destroyer of pride दर्पदः darpadaḥ giver of pride अपराजितः aparājitaḥ the unconquered भूतावास; वासुदेव; सब प्राणों का निलय; अनल; दर्पहा; दर्पद; दृप्त; दुर्धर; और अपराजित।
The dwelling of beings; Vasudeva; the abode of all life; fire; the destroyer of pride; the giver of pride; the proud; the unrestrainable; and the unconquered.
Bhutavasa, dwelling of all beings; Darpaha and Darpada, who destroys pride (of the wicked) and gives pride (of dharma to the good); Aparajita, the unconquered.
विश्वमूर्तिर्महामूर्तिर्दीप्तमूर्तिरमूर्तिमान् । अनेकमूर्तिरव्यक्तः शतमूर्तिः शताननः ॥
viśvamūrtirmahāmūrtirdīptamūrtiramūrtimān । anekamūrtiravyaktaḥ śatamūrtiḥ śatānanaḥ ॥
विश्वमूर्तिः viśvamūrtiḥ whose form is the universe अमूर्तिमान् amūrtimān formless अव्यक्तः avyaktaḥ the unmanifest शताननः śatānanaḥ of a hundred faces विश्वमूर्ति; महामूर्ति; दीप्तमूर्ति; अमूर्तिमान; अनेकमूर्ति; अव्यक्त; शतमूर्ति; शतानन।
Whose form is the universe; of great form; of blazing form; formless; of many forms; the unmanifest; of a hundred forms; of a hundred faces.
A verse of forms (murti): the universe as his form, great, blazing, formless, many-formed, unmanifest, of a hundred forms and a hundred faces. The Lord is all forms and yet beyond form.
एको नैकः सवः कः किं यत् तत्पदमनुत्तमम् । लोकबन्धुर्लोकनाथो माधवो भक्तवत्सलः ॥
eko naikaḥ savaḥ kaḥ kiṃ yat tatpadamanuttamam । lokabandhurlokanātho mādhavo bhaktavatsalaḥ ॥
एकः ekaḥ the one नैकः naikaḥ the many लोकबन्धुः lokabandhuḥ friend of the world भक्तवत्सलः bhaktavatsalaḥ loving to devotees एक; अनेक; सव; क (सुख); किम् (जिज्ञासा का विषय); यत्; तत्; अनुत्तम पद; लोकबंधु; लोकनाथ; माधव; भक्तवत्सल।
The one; the many; the source of all; Ka (bliss); "What?" (the one inquired into); That (which is); the highest state; friend of the world; lord of the world; Madhava; loving to devotees.
A famous verse of the One: eka and naika, the one and the many; ka, explained as bliss; kim, "what?", the one all seek to know; yat and tat, "which" and "that", pointing to the reality that cannot be named. Then he is friend and lord of the world, and Bhaktavatsala, loving to his devotees.
सुवर्णवर्णो हेमाङ्गो वराङ्गश्चन्दनाङ्गदी । वीरहा विषमः शून्यो घृताशीरचलश्चलः ॥
suvarṇavarṇo hemāṅgo varāṅgaścandanāṅgadī । vīrahā viṣamaḥ śūnyo ghṛtāśīracalaścalaḥ ॥
सुवर्णवर्णः suvarṇavarṇaḥ golden in colour विषमः viṣamaḥ the unequalled शून्यः śūnyaḥ the void अचलः acalaḥ the unmoving सुवर्णवर्ण; हेमांग; वरांग; चंदन के बाजूबंद वाले; वीरहा; विषम (अनुपम); शून्य; घृताशी (निष्काम); अचल; चल।
Golden in colour; of golden limbs; of excellent limbs; wearing armlets of sandal; slayer of the wicked heroes; the unequalled; the void (beyond qualities); not needing blessings; the unmoving; the moving.
Golden in colour and limb, wearing armlets of sandal. Shunya, "the void", is read as empty of all qualities and limits. Achala and Chala, the unmoving and the moving: he is both.
अमानी मानदो मान्यो लोकस्वामी त्रिलोकधृत् । सुमेधा मेधजो धन्यः सत्यमेधा धराधरः ॥
amānī mānado mānyo lokasvāmī trilokadhṛt । sumedhā medhajo dhanyaḥ satyamedhā dharādharaḥ ॥
अमानी amānī without pride मानदः mānadaḥ giver of honour लोकस्वामी lokasvāmī lord of the world सुमेधाः sumedhāḥ of good intellect अमानी; मानद; मान्य; लोकस्वामी; त्रिलोकधृत; सुमेधा; मेधज; धन्य; सत्यमेधा; धराधर।
Without pride; the giver of honour; the honoured; lord of the world; upholder of the three worlds; of good intellect; born of sacrifice; the blessed; of true wisdom; the bearer of the earth.
Amani and Manada: without pride himself, he gives honour to others. Lokasvami, lord of the world; Sumedha, of good intellect; Dharadhara, bearer of the earth.
तेजोवृषो द्युतिधरः सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः । प्रग्रहो निग्रहो व्यग्रो नैकशृङ्गो गदाग्रजः ॥
tejovṛṣo dyutidharaḥ sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ । pragraho nigraho vyagro naikaśṛṅgo gadāgrajaḥ ॥
द्युतिधरः dyutidharaḥ bearer of splendour सर्वशस्त्रभृतां वरः sarvaśastrabhṛtāṃ varaḥ best of those who bear weapons निग्रहः nigrahaḥ the restrainer गदाग्रजः gadāgrajaḥ elder brother of Gada तेजोवृष; द्युतिधर; सब शस्त्रधारियों में श्रेष्ठ; प्रग्रह; निग्रह; व्यग्र (अविनाशी); अनेक शृंगों वाले; गदाग्रज।
Showering radiance; the bearer of splendour; the best of all who bear weapons; the one who accepts (offerings); the one who restrains; the one who never fails; many-horned; elder brother of Gada.
Sarvashastrabhritam vara, best of all who bear weapons, as the Gita says "among wielders of weapons I am Rama". Gadagraja, "elder brother of Gada", Krishna, whose younger brother was named Gada.
चतुर्मूर्तिश्चतुर्बाहुश्चतुर्व्यूहश्चतुर्गतिः । चतुरात्मा चतुर्भावश्चतुर्वेदविदेकपात् ॥
caturmūrtiścaturbāhuścaturvyūhaścaturgatiḥ । caturātmā caturbhāvaścaturvedavidekapāt ॥
चतुर्मूर्तिः caturmūrtiḥ four-formed चतुर्बाहुः caturbāhuḥ four-armed चतुर्वेदवित् caturvedavit knower of the four Vedas एकपात् ekapāt one-footed चतुर्मूर्ति; चतुर्बाहु; चतुर्व्यूह; चतुर्गति; चतुरात्मा; चतुर्भाव; चारों वेदों के ज्ञाता; एकपाद।
Four-formed; four-armed; of fourfold manifestation; the goal of the four (stages); of fourfold self; of fourfold being; the knower of the four Vedas; the one-footed (only a part of him is the world).
Everything fourfold: four forms, four arms, four vyuhas, the goal of the four stages of life, knower of the four Vedas. Ekapat, "one-footed", recalls the Purusha Suktam: all beings are only one quarter (pada) of him.
समावर्तोऽनिवृत्तात्मा दुर्जयो दुरतिक्रमः । दुर्लभो दुर्गमो दुर्गो दुरावासो दुरारिहा ॥
samāvarto'nivṛttātmā durjayo duratikramaḥ । durlabho durgamo durgo durāvāso durārihā ॥
दुर्जयः durjayaḥ hard to conquer दुर्लभः durlabhaḥ hard to attain दुर्गमः durgamaḥ hard to reach दुरारिहा durārihā slayer of the wicked समावर्त; अनिवृत्तात्मा; दुर्जय; दुरतिक्रम; दुर्लभ; दुर्गम; दुर्ग; दुरावास; दुष्टों का संहार करने वाले।
The one who turns (the wheel); of self that never turns back; hard to conquer; hard to transgress; hard to attain; hard to reach; hard to approach; hard to dwell (in the heart); the slayer of the wicked.
A verse of "dur-", "hard": hard to conquer, hard to transgress, hard to attain, hard to reach, hard to approach, hard to hold in the heart: the Lord is not easily won, except, as the next verses say, through devotion.
शुभाङ्गो लोकसारङ्गः सुतन्तुस्तन्तुवर्धनः । इन्द्रकर्मा महाकर्मा कृतकर्मा कृतागमः ॥
śubhāṅgo lokasāraṅgaḥ sutantustantuvardhanaḥ । indrakarmā mahākarmā kṛtakarmā kṛtāgamaḥ ॥
लोकसारङ्गः lokasāraṅgaḥ who takes the essence of the world सुतन्तुः sutantuḥ the fine thread इन्द्रकर्मा indrakarmā whose deeds are like Indra's कृतकर्मा kṛtakarmā who has done all that is to be done शुभांग; लोकसारंग; सुतंतु; तंतुवर्धन; इंद्रकर्मा; महाकर्मा; कृतकर्मा; कृतागम।
Of auspicious limbs; who takes the essence of the world; the fine thread; the increaser of the thread (of life); whose deeds are Indra's; of great deeds; who has done what is to be done; the maker of scripture.
Lokasaranga, who takes the essence of the world, as a bee takes nectar; Sutantu, the fine thread on which the world is strung; Indrakarma, whose deeds are like Indra's.
उद्भवः सुन्दरः सुन्दो रत्ननाभः सुलोचनः । अर्को वाजसनः शृङ्गी जयन्तः सर्वविज्जयी ॥
udbhavaḥ sundaraḥ sundo ratnanābhaḥ sulocanaḥ । arko vājasanaḥ śṛṅgī jayantaḥ sarvavijjayī ॥
सुन्दरः sundaraḥ the beautiful रत्ननाभः ratnanābhaḥ jewel-naveled सुलोचनः sulocanaḥ of lovely eyes शृङ्गी śṛṅgī the horned उद्भव; सुंदर; सुंद; रत्ननाभ; सुलोचन; अर्क; वाजसन (अन्न देने वाले); शृंगी; जयंत; सर्वविद; जयी।
The source; the beautiful; the kind; jewel-naveled; of beautiful eyes; the sun; the giver of food; the horned (fish); the conqueror; the all-knowing; the victorious.
Sundara, the beautiful; Ratnanabha, jewel-naveled; Sulochana, of lovely eyes; Shringi, "the horned", the Fish again; Jayanta, the conqueror.
सुवर्णबिन्दुरक्षोभ्यः सर्ववागीश्वरेश्वरः । महाह्रदो महागर्तो महाभूतो महानिधिः ॥
suvarṇabindurakṣobhyaḥ sarvavāgīśvareśvaraḥ । mahāhrado mahāgarto mahābhūto mahānidhiḥ ॥
अक्षोभ्यः akṣobhyaḥ the unshakeable महाह्रदः mahāhradaḥ the great lake महाभूतः mahābhūtaḥ the great being महानिधिः mahānidhiḥ the great treasure सुवर्णबिंदु; अक्षोभ्य; सर्ववागीश्वरों के ईश्वर; महाह्रद; महागर्त; महाभूत; महानिधि।
Golden-limbed; the unshakeable; lord of the lords of all speech; the great lake; the great abyss; the great being; the great treasure.
Akshobhya, the unshakeable; Sarvavagishvareshvara, lord even of the lords of speech, such as Brahma; Mahahrada, the great lake of bliss in which yogis bathe; Mahanidhi, the great treasure.
कुमुदः कुन्दरः कुन्दः पर्जन्यः पावनोऽनिलः । अमृताशोऽमृतवपुः सर्वज्ञः सर्वतोमुखः ॥
kumudaḥ kundaraḥ kundaḥ parjanyaḥ pāvano'nilaḥ । amṛtāśo'mṛtavapuḥ sarvajñaḥ sarvatomukhaḥ ॥
पर्जन्यः parjanyaḥ the rain cloud पावनः pāvanaḥ the purifier अमृतवपुः amṛtavapuḥ of immortal body सर्वतोमुखः sarvatomukhaḥ facing every direction कुमुद; कुंदर; कुंद; पर्जन्य; पावन; अनिल; अमृताश; अमृतवपु; सर्वज्ञ; सर्वतोमुख।
The one who gladdens the earth; the giver of purity; the jasmine-pure; the rain cloud; the purifier; the wind; the one who partakes of nectar; of immortal body; the all-knowing; whose faces are everywhere.
Parjanya, the rain cloud that showers blessings; Amritavapu, of immortal body; Sarvatomukha, "facing every direction", present everywhere.
सुलभः सुव्रतः सिद्धः शत्रुजिच्छत्रुतापनः । न्यग्रोधोऽदुम्बरोऽश्वत्थश्चाणूरान्ध्रनिषूदनः ॥
sulabhaḥ suvrataḥ siddhaḥ śatrujicchatrutāpanaḥ । nyagrodho'dumbaro'śvatthaścāṇūrāndhraniṣūdanaḥ ॥
सुलभः sulabhaḥ easy to reach न्यग्रोधः nyagrodhaḥ the banyan अश्वत्थः aśvatthaḥ the peepal चाणूरान्ध्रनिषूदनः cāṇūrāndhraniṣūdanaḥ slayer of Chanura सुलभ; सुव्रत; सिद्ध; शत्रुजित; शत्रुतापन; न्यग्रोध, उदुंबर और अश्वत्थ (वट, गूलर और पीपल); आंध्र-जाति के चाणूर का संहार करने वाले।
Easily reached; of good vows; the perfect; conqueror of foes; scorcher of foes; the banyan, fig and peepal trees; the slayer of Chanura of the Andhra people.
Sulabha, "easy to reach", for those who are devoted, after the "hard" names of verse 96. Nyagrodha, Udumbara and Ashvattha, the banyan, the cluster fig and the peepal, sacred trees that stand for the Lord who shelters all.
सहस्रार्चिः सप्तजिह्वः सप्तैधाः सप्तवाहनः । अमूर्तिरनघोऽचिन्त्यो भयकृद्भयनाशनः ॥
sahasrārciḥ saptajihvaḥ saptaidhāḥ saptavāhanaḥ । amūrtiranagho'cintyo bhayakṛdbhayanāśanaḥ ॥
सहस्रार्चिः sahasrārciḥ thousand-rayed सप्तजिह्वः saptajihvaḥ seven-tongued (fire) अचिन्त्यः acintyaḥ inconceivable भयनाशनः bhayanāśanaḥ destroyer of fear सहस्रार्चि; सप्तजिह्व; सप्तैधा; सप्तवाहन; अमूर्ति; अनघ; अचिंत्य; भयकृत; भयनाशन।
Thousand-rayed; seven-tongued (fire); seven-flamed; drawn by seven horses (the sun); formless; sinless; inconceivable; the creator of fear (to the wicked); the destroyer of fear.
Images of fire and sun: thousand-rayed; seven-tongued and seven-flamed, as fire is described in the Vedas; drawn by seven horses, as the sun is. He causes fear to the wicked and destroys the fear of the good.
अणुर्बृहत्कृशः स्थूलो गुणभृन्निर्गुणो महान् । अधृतः स्वधृतः स्वास्यः प्राग्वंशो वंशवर्धनः ॥
aṇurbṛhatkṛśaḥ sthūlo guṇabhṛnnirguṇo mahān । adhṛtaḥ svadhṛtaḥ svāsyaḥ prāgvaṃśo vaṃśavardhanaḥ ॥
अणुः aṇuḥ the atom बृहत् bṛhat the vast निर्गुणः nirguṇaḥ beyond qualities स्वधृतः svadhṛtaḥ self-supported अणु; बृहत्; कृश; स्थूल; गुणभृत; निर्गुण; महान; अधृत; स्वधृत; स्वास्य; प्राग्वंश; वंशवर्धन।
The atom; the vast; the thin; the stout; the bearer of qualities; beyond qualities; the great; the unsupported; self-supported; of beautiful face; of the eastern line; the increaser of lineages.
Pairs of opposites: atom and vast, thin and stout, with qualities and beyond qualities (nirguna). He needs no support yet supports himself.
भारभृत् कथितो योगी योगीशः सर्वकामदः । आश्रमः श्रमणः क्षामः सुपर्णो वायुवाहनः ॥
bhārabhṛt kathito yogī yogīśaḥ sarvakāmadaḥ । āśramaḥ śramaṇaḥ kṣāmaḥ suparṇo vāyuvāhanaḥ ॥
भारभृत् bhārabhṛt bearer of burdens योगीशः yogīśaḥ lord of yogis आश्रमः āśramaḥ the hermitage सर्वकामदः sarvakāmadaḥ giver of all desires भारभृत; कथित; योगी; योगीश; सर्वकामद; आश्रम; श्रमण; क्षाम; सुपर्ण; वायुवाहन।
The bearer of burdens; the one declared (in scripture); the yogi; lord of yogis; giver of all desires; the hermitage; the ascetic; the one who withers (at dissolution); the fair-winged; carried by the wind.
Bharabhrit, bearer of the world's burden; Yogisha, lord of yogis; Ashrama, the hermitage where the weary find rest; Shramana, the ascetic; Suparna again, Garuda.
धनुर्धरो धनुर्वेदो दण्डो दमयिता दमः । अपराजितः सर्वसहो नियन्ताऽनियमोऽयमः ॥
dhanurdharo dhanurvedo daṇḍo damayitā damaḥ । aparājitaḥ sarvasaho niyantā'niyamo'yamaḥ ॥
धनुर्धरः dhanurdharaḥ the bowman धनुर्वेदः dhanurvedaḥ the science of archery दण्डः daṇḍaḥ the rod of justice सर्वसहः sarvasahaḥ the all-enduring धनुर्धर; धनुर्वेद; दंड; दमयिता; दम; अपराजित; सर्वसह; नियंता; अनियम; अयम।
The bowman; the science of archery; the rod (of justice); the subduer; self-restraint; the unconquered; the all-enduring; the controller; beyond rule; beyond death.
Dhanurdhara and Dhanurveda, the bowman and the science of archery itself, Rama; Danda, the rod of justice; Dama, self-restraint; Sarvasaha, who endures all.
सत्त्ववान् सात्त्विकः सत्यः सत्यधर्मपरायणः । अभिप्रायः प्रियार्होऽर्हः प्रियकृत् प्रीतिवर्धनः ॥
sattvavān sāttvikaḥ satyaḥ satyadharmaparāyaṇaḥ । abhiprāyaḥ priyārho'rhaḥ priyakṛt prītivardhanaḥ ॥
सात्त्विकः sāttvikaḥ sattvic सत्यधर्मपरायणः satyadharmaparāyaṇaḥ devoted to truth and dharma प्रियार्हः priyārhaḥ worthy of love प्रीतिवर्धनः prītivardhanaḥ increaser of love सत्त्ववान; सात्त्विक; सत्य; सत्य-धर्म परायण; अभिप्राय; प्रियार्ह; अर्ह; प्रियकृत; प्रीतिवर्धन।
Full of goodness; sattvic; true; devoted to truth and dharma; the intended goal; worthy of love; worthy of worship; the doer of what pleases; the increaser of love.
Sattvavan, full of goodness; Satyadharmaparayana, devoted to truth and dharma; Priyarha, worthy of love; Pritivardhana, who increases love in his devotees.
विहायसगतिर्ज्योतिः सुरुचिर्हुतभुग्विभुः । रविर्विरोचनः सूर्यः सविता रविलोचनः ॥
vihāyasagatirjyotiḥ surucirhutabhugvibhuḥ । ravirvirocanaḥ sūryaḥ savitā ravilocanaḥ ॥
ज्योतिः jyotiḥ light हुतभुक् hutabhuk consumer of offerings (fire) सविता savitā Savitr रविलोचनः ravilocanaḥ whose eye is the sun विहायसगति; ज्योति; सुरुचि; हुतभुक; विभु; रवि; विरोचन; सूर्य; सविता; रविलोचन।
Moving through the sky; light; of beautiful splendour; the consumer of offerings (fire); the all-pervading; the sun; the shining; Surya; Savitr; whose eye is the sun.
Names of light and the sun: Ravi, Virochana, Surya, Savita; and Ravilochana, "whose eye is the sun", as the Purusha Suktam says the sun was born from his eye.
अनन्तो हुतभुग्भोक्ता सुखदो नैकजोऽग्रजः । अनिर्विण्णः सदामर्षी लोकाधिष्ठानमद्भुतः ॥
ananto hutabhugbhoktā sukhado naikajo'grajaḥ । anirviṇṇaḥ sadāmarṣī lokādhiṣṭhānamadbhutaḥ ॥
अनन्तः anantaḥ the endless नैकजः naikajaḥ born many times सदामर्षी sadāmarṣī ever forgiving अद्भुतः adbhutaḥ the wonderful अनंत; हुतभुक; भोक्ता; सुखद; नैकज; अग्रज; अनिर्विण्ण; सदामर्षी; लोकाधिष्ठान; अद्भुत।
The infinite; the consumer of offerings; the enjoyer; the giver of happiness; born many times; the first-born; never weary; ever forgiving; the support of the world; the wonderful.
Ananta, the endless; Naikaja, "born many times", in his avatars; Agraja, the first-born; Sadamarshi, ever forgiving; Adbhuta, the wonderful.
सनात्सनातनतमः कपिलः कपिरव्ययः । स्वस्तिदः स्वस्तिकृत्स्वस्ति स्वस्तिभुक्स्वस्तिदक्षिणः ॥
sanātsanātanatamaḥ kapilaḥ kapiravyayaḥ । svastidaḥ svastikṛtsvasti svastibhuksvastidakṣiṇaḥ ॥
सनातनतमः sanātanatamaḥ the most ancient स्वस्तिदः svastidaḥ giver of well-being स्वस्ति svasti well-being स्वस्तिदक्षिणः svastidakṣiṇaḥ generous in well-being सनात्; सनातनतम; कपिल; कपि (सूर्य); अव्यय; स्वस्तिद; स्वस्तिकृत; स्वस्ति; स्वस्तिभुक; स्वस्तिदक्षिण।
The eternal; the most ancient; Kapila; the sun; the imperishable; giver of welfare; maker of welfare; welfare itself; enjoyer of welfare; generous in welfare.
Sanatanatama, the most ancient of all; Kapila again; and a chain on svasti, "well-being": giver, maker, enjoyer and essence of well-being.
अरौद्रः कुण्डली चक्री विक्रम्यूर्जितशासनः । शब्दातिगः शब्दसहः शिशिरः शर्वरीकरः ॥
araudraḥ kuṇḍalī cakrī vikramyūrjitaśāsanaḥ । śabdātigaḥ śabdasahaḥ śiśiraḥ śarvarīkaraḥ ॥
अरौद्रः araudraḥ the gentle चक्री cakrī bearer of the discus शब्दातिगः śabdātigaḥ beyond words शिशिरः śiśiraḥ the cool अरौद्र; कुंडली; चक्री; विक्रमी; ऊर्जितशासन; शब्दातिग; शब्दसह; शिशिर; शर्वरीकर।
The gentle; wearing earrings; bearing the discus; the valiant; whose command is mighty; beyond words; the one whom words reach; the cool; the maker of night.
Araudra, the gentle, not fierce; Kundali, wearing earrings; Chakri, bearer of the discus; Shabdatiga, beyond words; Sharvarikara, maker of the night.
अक्रूरः पेशलो दक्षो दक्षिणः क्षमिणांवरः । विद्वत्तमो वीतभयः पुण्यश्रवणकीर्तनः ॥
akrūraḥ peśalo dakṣo dakṣiṇaḥ kṣamiṇāṃvaraḥ । vidvattamo vītabhayaḥ puṇyaśravaṇakīrtanaḥ ॥
अक्रूरः akrūraḥ not cruel क्षमिणांवरः kṣamiṇāṃvaraḥ best of the forgiving वीतभयः vītabhayaḥ free of fear पुण्यश्रवणकीर्तनः puṇyaśravaṇakīrtanaḥ whose hearing and praise bring merit अक्रूर; पेशल; दक्ष; दक्षिण; क्षमाशीलों में श्रेष्ठ; विद्वत्तम; वीतभय; जिनका श्रवण और कीर्तन पुण्यदायी है।
Not cruel; the gentle; the able; the generous; the best of the forgiving; the most learned; free of fear; whose hearing and praising bring merit.
Akrura, not cruel; Peshala, gentle and graceful; Kshaminam vara, best of the forgiving; Punyashravanakirtana, "whose hearing and singing bring merit": to hear and sing his names is itself holy.
उत्तारणो दुष्कृतिहा पुण्यो दुःस्वप्ननाशनः । वीरहा रक्षणः सन्तो जीवनः पर्यवस्थितः ॥
uttāraṇo duṣkṛtihā puṇyo duḥsvapnanāśanaḥ । vīrahā rakṣaṇaḥ santo jīvanaḥ paryavasthitaḥ ॥
उत्तारणः uttāraṇaḥ who lifts across दुष्कृतिहा duṣkṛtihā slayer of evil-doers दुःस्वप्ननाशनः duḥsvapnanāśanaḥ destroyer of bad dreams रक्षणः rakṣaṇaḥ the protector उत्तारण; दुष्कृतिहा; पुण्य; दुःस्वप्ननाशन; वीरहा; रक्षण; संत; जीवन; पर्यवस्थित।
The one who lifts (across); slayer of evil-doers; the holy; destroyer of bad dreams; slayer of the wicked; the protector; the good; the life-giver; the one who abides everywhere.
Uttarana, who lifts us across; Duhsvapnanashana, destroyer of bad dreams; Rakshana, the protector; Jivana, the life-giver; Paryavasthita, present everywhere.
अनन्तरूपोऽनन्तश्रीर्जितमन्युर्भयापहः । चतुरश्रो गभीरात्मा विदिशो व्यादिशो दिशः ॥
anantarūpo'nantaśrīrjitamanyurbhayāpahaḥ । caturaśro gabhīrātmā vidiśo vyādiśo diśaḥ ॥
अनन्तरूपः anantarūpaḥ of endless forms जितमन्युः jitamanyuḥ conqueror of anger भयापहः bhayāpahaḥ remover of fear गभीरात्मा gabhīrātmā of deep self अनंतरूप; अनंतश्री; जितमन्यु; भयापह; चतुरश्र (न्यायी); गभीरात्मा; विदिश; व्यादिश; दिश।
Of endless forms; of endless glory; conqueror of anger; remover of fear; the just; of deep self; the giver of varied commands; the one who directs; the directions.
Anantarupa and Anantashri, of endless forms and endless glory; Jitamanyu, who has conquered anger; Bhayapaha, remover of fear; Gabhiratma, of deep self.
अनादिर्भूर्भुवो लक्ष्मीः सुवीरो रुचिराङ्गदः । जननो जनजन्मादिर्भीमो भीमपराक्रमः ॥
anādirbhūrbhuvo lakṣmīḥ suvīro rucirāṅgadaḥ । janano janajanmādirbhīmo bhīmaparākramaḥ ॥
अनादिः anādiḥ without beginning लक्ष्मीः lakṣmīḥ glory जननः jananaḥ the begetter भीमपराक्रमः bhīmaparākramaḥ of formidable valour अनादि; भू; भुव; लक्ष्मी; सुवीर; रुचिरांगद; जनन; जनजन्मादि; भीम; भीमपराक्रम।
Without beginning; the earth; of the earth (and sky); Lakshmi (glory); the great hero; with beautiful armlets; the begetter; the source of the birth of beings; the formidable; of formidable valour.
Anadi, without beginning; Bhuh and Bhuvah, earth and sky, names from the Vedic vyahritis; Lakshmi, glory itself; Janajanmadi, the source of the birth of all beings; Bhimaparakrama, of formidable valour.
आधारनिलयोऽधाता पुष्पहासः प्रजागरः । ऊर्ध्वगः सत्पथाचारः प्राणदः प्रणवः पणः ॥
ādhāranilayo'dhātā puṣpahāsaḥ prajāgaraḥ । ūrdhvagaḥ satpathācāraḥ prāṇadaḥ praṇavaḥ paṇaḥ ॥
आधारनिलयः ādhāranilayaḥ abode of all supports पुष्पहासः puṣpahāsaḥ smiling like a flower प्रजागरः prajāgaraḥ ever awake सत्पथाचारः satpathācāraḥ who walks the good path आधारनिलय; अधाता; पुष्पहास; प्रजागर; ऊर्ध्वग; सत्पथाचार; प्राणद; प्रणव; पण।
The abode of all supports; without a support; smiling like a flower; ever wakeful; the one who rises above; whose conduct is the good path; giver of life; Om; the one who transacts.
Pushpahasa, "smiling like a flower", or whose smile is the blossoming of creation; Prajagara, ever awake; Satpathachara, who walks the good path; Pranava, Om, again.
प्रमाणं प्राणनिलयः प्राणभृत्प्राणजीवनः । तत्त्वं तत्त्वविदेकात्मा जन्ममृत्युजरातिगः ॥
pramāṇaṃ prāṇanilayaḥ prāṇabhṛtprāṇajīvanaḥ । tattvaṃ tattvavidekātmā janmamṛtyujarātigaḥ ॥
प्रमाणम् pramāṇam the authority तत्त्वम् tattvam reality एकात्मा ekātmā the one self जन्ममृत्युजरातिगः janmamṛtyujarātigaḥ beyond birth, death and old age प्रमाण; प्राणनिलय; प्राणभृत; प्राणजीवन; तत्त्व; तत्त्ववित्; एकात्मा; जन्म, मृत्यु और जरा से परे।
The authority; the abode of life-breath; the sustainer of breath; the life of breath; the reality; the knower of reality; the one self; beyond birth, death and old age.
Pramana, the authority, the source of valid knowledge; Pranajivana, the life of the breath; Tattva, reality itself; Ekatma, the one self; Janmamrityujaratiga, beyond birth, death and old age.
भूर्भुवः स्वस्तरुस्तारः सविता प्रपितामहः । यज्ञो यज्ञपतिर्यज्वा यज्ञाङ्गो यज्ञवाहनः ॥
bhūrbhuvaḥ svastarustāraḥ savitā prapitāmahaḥ । yajño yajñapatiryajvā yajñāṅgo yajñavāhanaḥ ॥
तरुः taruḥ the tree प्रपितामहः prapitāmahaḥ the great-grandfather यज्ञपतिः yajñapatiḥ lord of sacrifice यज्ञवाहनः yajñavāhanaḥ carrier of sacrifice भूः, भुवः, स्वः; तरु; तार; सविता; प्रपितामह; यज्ञ; यज्ञपति; यज्वा; यज्ञांग; यज्ञवाहन।
Earth, sky and heaven; the tree (of the world); the saviour; Savitr; the great-grandfather; sacrifice; lord of sacrifice; the sacrificer; whose limbs are sacrifice; the carrier of sacrifice.
Bhur, Bhuvah, Svah: earth, sky and heaven, the three vyahritis that precede the Gayatri mantra. Prapitamaha, "great-grandfather", since Brahma is the grandfather of all and he is Brahma's father. Then names of sacrifice (yajna) begin.
यज्ञभृद्यज्ञकृद्यज्ञी यज्ञभुग्यज्ञसाधनः । यज्ञान्तकृद् यज्ञगुह्यमन्नमन्नाद एव च ॥
yajñabhṛdyajñakṛdyajñī yajñabhugyajñasādhanaḥ । yajñāntakṛd yajñaguhyamannamannāda eva ca ॥
यज्ञभृत् yajñabhṛt sustainer of sacrifice यज्ञगुह्यम् yajñaguhyam the secret of sacrifice अन्नम् annam food अन्नादः annādaḥ eater of food यज्ञभृत; यज्ञकृत; यज्ञी; यज्ञभुक; यज्ञसाधन; यज्ञांतकृत; यज्ञगुह्य; अन्न; और अन्नाद।
Sustainer of sacrifice; maker of sacrifice; the sacrificer; enjoyer of sacrifice; the means of sacrifice; the fulfiller of sacrifice; the secret of sacrifice; food; and the eater of food.
More names of sacrifice: its sustainer, maker, performer, enjoyer, means and fulfilment, and its secret. Anna and Annada, food and the eater of food: the Lord is both the offering and the one who receives it.
आत्मयोनिः स्वयञ्जातो वैखानः सामगायनः । देवकीनन्दनः स्रष्टा क्षितीशः पापनाशनः ॥
ātmayoniḥ svayañjāto vaikhānaḥ sāmagāyanaḥ । devakīnandanaḥ sraṣṭā kṣitīśaḥ pāpanāśanaḥ ॥
आत्मयोनिः ātmayoniḥ self-born देवकीनन्दनः devakīnandanaḥ son of Devaki क्षितीशः kṣitīśaḥ lord of the earth पापनाशनः pāpanāśanaḥ destroyer of sin आत्मयोनि; स्वयंजात; वैखान; सामगायन; देवकीनंदन; स्रष्टा; क्षितीश; पापनाशन।
Self-born; born of himself; Vaikhana; singer of the Sama; Devaki's son; the creator; lord of the earth; destroyer of sin.
Atmayoni and Svayanjata, self-born; Samagayana, singer of the Sama chants; Devakinandana, son of Devaki, Krishna; Papanashana, destroyer of sin.
शङ्खभृन्नन्दकी चक्री शार्ङ्गधन्वा गदाधरः । रथाङ्गपाणिरक्षोभ्यः सर्वप्रहरणायुधः ॥
śaṅkhabhṛnnandakī cakrī śārṅgadhanvā gadādharaḥ । rathāṅgapāṇirakṣobhyaḥ sarvapraharaṇāyudhaḥ ॥
शङ्खभृत् śaṅkhabhṛt bearer of the conch नन्दकी nandakī bearer of the Nandaka sword शार्ङ्गधन्वा śārṅgadhanvā holder of the Sharnga bow रथाङ्गपाणिः rathāṅgapāṇiḥ wheel in hand शंखभृत; नंदकी; चक्री; शार्ङ्गधन्वा; गदाधर; रथांगपाणि; अक्षोभ्य; सब आयुधों से युक्त।
Bearer of the conch; bearer of the Nandaka sword; bearer of the discus; holder of the Sharnga bow; bearer of the mace; holding a wheel in his hand; the unshakeable; armed with every weapon.
The last verse of names lists Vishnu's weapons: the conch (Panchajanya), the sword Nandaka, the discus (Sudarshana), the bow Sharnga and the mace (Kaumodaki). Rathangapani, "wheel in hand", recalls Krishna taking up a chariot wheel against Bhishma in the war.
श्री सर्वप्रहरणायुध ॐ नम इति । वनमाली गदी शार्ङ्गी शङ्खी चक्री च नन्दकी । श्रीमान्नारायणो विष्णुर्वासुदेवोऽभिरक्षतु ॥
śrī sarvapraharaṇāyudha oṁ nama iti । vanamālī gadī śārṅgī śaṅkhī cakrī ca nandakī । śrīmānnārāyaṇo viṣṇurvāsudevo'bhirakṣatu ॥
वनमाली vanamālī wearing the forest garland गदी gadī bearer of the mace शार्ङ्गी śārṅgī bearer of the Sharnga bow अभिरक्षतु abhirakṣatu may he protect सब आयुधों वाले को नमस्कार, ॐ। वनमाला धारण करने वाले, गदा, शार्ङ्ग धनुष, शंख, चक्र और नंदक खड्ग धारी श्रीमान नारायण, विष्णु, वासुदेव हमारी रक्षा करें।
Salutation to the one armed with every weapon, Om. May the glorious Narayana, Vishnu, Vasudeva, who wears the forest garland and bears the mace, the Sharnga bow, the conch, the discus and the Nandaka sword, protect us.
This verse closes the names with "Om namah" and a prayer: may Narayana, Vishnu, Vasudeva, who bears the forest garland and all his weapons, protect us. It is often recited on its own as a verse of protection.
इतीदं कीर्तनीयस्य केशवस्य महात्मनः । नाम्नां सहस्रं दिव्यानामशेषेण प्रकीर्तितम् ॥
itīdaṃ kīrtanīyasya keśavasya mahātmanaḥ । nāmnāṃ sahasraṃ divyānāmaśeṣeṇa prakīrtitam ॥
कीर्तनीयस्य kīrtanīyasya of him who is worthy of praise नाम्नां सहस्रम् nāmnāṃ sahasram the thousand names प्रकीर्तितम् prakīrtitam have been declared इस प्रकार कीर्तन के योग्य महात्मा केशव के सहस्र दिव्य नाम पूर्ण रूप से कहे गए।
Thus the thousand divine names of the great Keshava, who is worthy of praise, have been fully declared.
The uttara bhaga, the closing part, begins: so the thousand divine names of Keshava have been told in full.
य इदं शृणुयान्नित्यं यश्चापि परिकीर्तयेत् । नाशुभं प्राप्नुयात् किञ्चित्सोऽमुत्रेह च मानवः ॥
ya idaṃ śṛṇuyānnityaṃ yaścāpi parikīrtayet । nāśubhaṃ prāpnuyāt kiñcitso'mutreha ca mānavaḥ ॥
शृणुयात् śṛṇuyāt would hear परिकीर्तयेत् parikīrtayet would recite नाशुभम् nāśubham nothing inauspicious जो इन्हें प्रतिदिन सुनता है या जो इनका कीर्तन करता है, उस मनुष्य को इस लोक में या परलोक में कुछ भी अशुभ नहीं मिलता।
Whoever hears these daily, or recites them, meets with nothing inauspicious, here or hereafter.
The phalashruti, the fruits of recitation, begins: one who hears or recites the names daily meets nothing inauspicious, in this world or the next.
वेदान्तगो ब्राह्मणः स्यात् क्षत्रियो विजयी भवेत् । वैश्यो धनसमृद्धः स्याच्छूद्रः सुखमवाप्नुयात् ॥
vedāntago brāhmaṇaḥ syāt kṣatriyo vijayī bhavet । vaiśyo dhanasamṛddhaḥ syācchūdraḥ sukhamavāpnuyāt ॥
वेदान्तगः vedāntagaḥ master of the Vedanta विजयी vijayī victorious धनसमृद्धः dhanasamṛddhaḥ prosperous in wealth ब्राह्मण वेदांत में पारंगत होता है, क्षत्रिय विजयी होता है, वैश्य धन से समृद्ध होता है और शूद्र सुख पाता है।
A brahmin would master the Vedanta, a kshatriya would be victorious, a vaishya would prosper in wealth and a shudra would find happiness.
Each of the four varnas is promised the fruit suited to it: Vedantic knowledge, victory, wealth and happiness.
धर्मार्थी प्राप्नुयाद्धर्ममर्थार्थी चार्थमाप्नुयात् । कामानवाप्नुयात् कामी प्रजार्थी चाप्नुयात्प्रजाम् ॥
dharmārthī prāpnuyāddharmamarthārthī cārthamāpnuyāt । kāmānavāpnuyāt kāmī prajārthī cāpnuyātprajām ॥
धर्मार्थी dharmārthī one who seeks dharma अर्थार्थी arthārthī one who seeks wealth प्रजार्थी prajārthī one who seeks children धर्म चाहने वाला धर्म पाता है, धन चाहने वाला धन पाता है, कामना वाला कामनाएँ पाता है और संतान चाहने वाला संतान पाता है।
One who seeks dharma attains dharma, one who seeks wealth attains wealth, one who desires attains his desires, and one who seeks children attains children.
The four aims of life are each promised: dharma, wealth, desire, and also children, to those who seek them.
भक्तिमान् यः सदोत्थाय शुचिस्तद्गतमानसः । सहस्रं वासुदेवस्य नाम्नामेतत्प्रकीर्तयेत् ॥
bhaktimān yaḥ sadotthāya śucistadgatamānasaḥ । sahasraṃ vāsudevasya nāmnāmetatprakīrtayet ॥
भक्तिमान् bhaktimān devoted सदोत्थाय sadotthāya rising early तद्गतमानसः tadgatamānasaḥ with mind fixed on him जो भक्त सदा प्रातः उठकर, पवित्र होकर, उन्हीं में मन लगाकर वासुदेव के इन सहस्र नामों का कीर्तन करता है,
One who, devoted, rising early and pure, with mind fixed on him, recites these thousand names of Vasudeva,
The way to recite: with devotion, rising early, pure, and with the mind fixed on him.
यशः प्राप्नोति विपुलं याति प्राधान्यमेव च । अचलां श्रियमाप्नोति श्रेयः प्राप्नोत्यनुत्तमम् ॥
yaśaḥ prāpnoti vipulaṃ yāti prādhānyameva ca । acalāṃ śriyamāpnoti śreyaḥ prāpnotyanuttamam ॥
विपुलम् vipulam wide अचलां श्रियम् acalāṃ śriyam lasting prosperity श्रेयः śreyaḥ the highest good वह विपुल यश और प्रधानता पाता है, स्थायी लक्ष्मी पाता है और सर्वोत्तम कल्याण पाता है।
gains wide fame and pre-eminence, gains lasting prosperity and the highest good.
Such a person gains fame, standing, lasting prosperity and the highest good (shreyas).
न भयं क्वचिदाप्नोति वीर्यं तेजश्च विन्दति । भवत्यरोगो द्युतिमान्बलरूपगुणान्वितः ॥
na bhayaṃ kvacidāpnoti vīryaṃ tejaśca vindati । bhavatyarogo dyutimānbalarūpaguṇānvitaḥ ॥
न भयम् na bhayam no fear तेजः tejaḥ radiance अरोगः arogaḥ free of disease उसे कहीं भय नहीं होता, वह वीर्य और तेज पाता है; वह निरोग, कांतिमान और बल, रूप और गुणों से युक्त होता है।
He meets with no fear anywhere, and gains vigour and radiance; he becomes free of disease, bright, and endowed with strength, beauty and virtue.
Freedom from fear, and vigour, radiance, health, strength and beauty.
रोगार्तो मुच्यते रोगाद्बद्धो मुच्येत बन्धनात् । भयान्मुच्येत भीतस्तु मुच्येतापन्न आपदः ॥
rogārto mucyate rogādbaddho mucyeta bandhanāt । bhayānmucyeta bhītastu mucyetāpanna āpadaḥ ॥
रोगार्तः rogārtaḥ the sick बद्धः baddhaḥ the bound आपन्नः āpannaḥ one in trouble रोगी रोग से मुक्त होता है, बंधा हुआ बंधन से, डरा हुआ भय से, और विपत्ति में पड़ा विपत्ति से।
The sick are freed from disease, the bound from bondage, the frightened from fear, and those in trouble from trouble.
A widely quoted verse: the sick are freed from disease, the bound from bonds, the fearful from fear, the troubled from trouble.
दुर्गाण्यतितरत्याशु पुरुषः पुरुषोत्तमम् । स्तुवन्नामसहस्रेण नित्यं भक्तिसमन्वितः ॥
durgāṇyatitaratyāśu puruṣaḥ puruṣottamam । stuvannāmasahasreṇa nityaṃ bhaktisamanvitaḥ ॥
दुर्गाणि durgāṇi difficulties अतितरति atitarati crosses भक्तिसमन्वितः bhaktisamanvitaḥ full of devotion जो मनुष्य भक्ति से युक्त होकर सहस्र नामों से नित्य पुरुषोत्तम की स्तुति करता है, वह शीघ्र सब कठिनाइयों से पार हो जाता है।
A person who, full of devotion, always praises the supreme person with the thousand names quickly crosses all difficulties.
Whoever praises the supreme person daily with the thousand names quickly crosses all difficulties (durga, "hard places").
वासुदेवाश्रयो मर्त्यो वासुदेवपरायणः । सर्वपापविशुद्धात्मा याति ब्रह्म सनातनम् ॥
vāsudevāśrayo martyo vāsudevaparāyaṇaḥ । sarvapāpaviśuddhātmā yāti brahma sanātanam ॥
वासुदेवाश्रयः vāsudevāśrayaḥ taking refuge in Vasudeva सर्वपापविशुद्धात्मा sarvapāpaviśuddhātmā purified of all sin ब्रह्म सनातनम् brahma sanātanam the eternal Brahman जो मनुष्य वासुदेव का आश्रय लेता है और वासुदेव-परायण है, वह सब पापों से शुद्ध होकर सनातन ब्रह्म को प्राप्त होता है।
A mortal who takes refuge in Vasudeva, devoted to Vasudeva, purified of all sin, reaches the eternal Brahman.
The deeper fruit: one who takes refuge in Vasudeva and is devoted to him is purified of all sin and reaches the eternal Brahman.
न वासुदेवभक्तानामशुभं विद्यते क्वचित् । जन्ममृत्युजराव्याधिभयं नैवोपजायते ॥
na vāsudevabhaktānāmaśubhaṃ vidyate kvacit । janmamṛtyujarāvyādhibhayaṃ naivopajāyate ॥
वासुदेवभक्तानाम् vāsudevabhaktānām for the devotees of Vasudeva जरा jarā old age व्याधि vyādhi disease वासुदेव के भक्तों का कहीं अशुभ नहीं होता; जन्म, मृत्यु, जरा और रोग का भय उत्पन्न ही नहीं होता।
For the devotees of Vasudeva there is no misfortune anywhere; the fear of birth, death, old age and disease does not arise.
For Vasudeva's devotees there is no misfortune, and the fear of birth, death, old age and disease does not arise.
इमं स्तवमधीयानः श्रद्धाभक्तिसमन्वितः । युज्येतात्म सुखक्षान्ति श्रीधृति स्मृति कीर्तिभिः ॥
imaṃ stavamadhīyānaḥ śraddhābhaktisamanvitaḥ । yujyetātma sukhakṣānti śrīdhṛti smṛti kīrtibhiḥ ॥
अधीयानः adhīyānaḥ studying श्रद्धाभक्ति śraddhābhakti faith and devotion स्मृति smṛti memory जो श्रद्धा और भक्ति से युक्त होकर इस स्तोत्र का पाठ करता है, वह आत्म-सुख, क्षमा, श्री, धृति, स्मृति और कीर्ति से युक्त होता है।
One who studies this hymn with faith and devotion is joined with joy of the self, patience, prosperity, steadiness, memory and fame.
Studying this hymn with faith and devotion brings inner joy, patience, prosperity, steadiness, memory and fame.
न क्रोधो न च मात्सर्यं न लोभो नाशुभामतिः । भवन्ति कृतपुण्यानां भक्तानां पुरुषोत्तमे ॥
na krodho na ca mātsaryaṃ na lobho nāśubhāmatiḥ । bhavanti kṛtapuṇyānāṃ bhaktānāṃ puruṣottame ॥
क्रोधः krodhaḥ anger मात्सर्यम् mātsaryam envy लोभः lobhaḥ greed पुरुषोत्तम के पुण्यात्मा भक्तों में न क्रोध, न ईर्ष्या, न लोभ और न अशुभ बुद्धि उत्पन्न होती है।
Neither anger, nor envy, nor greed, nor evil thought arises in the meritorious devotees of the supreme person.
In the devotees of the supreme person, anger, envy, greed and evil thoughts do not arise: the hymn changes the one who recites it.
द्यौः सचन्द्रार्कनक्षत्रा खं दिशो भूर्महोदधिः । वासुदेवस्य वीर्येण विधृतानि महात्मनः ॥
dyauḥ sacandrārkanakṣatrā khaṃ diśo bhūrmahodadhiḥ । vāsudevasya vīryeṇa vidhṛtāni mahātmanaḥ ॥
द्यौः dyauḥ heaven महोदधिः mahodadhiḥ the great ocean विधृतानि vidhṛtāni are upheld चंद्रमा, सूर्य और नक्षत्रों सहित स्वर्ग, आकाश, दिशाएँ, पृथ्वी और महासागर महात्मा वासुदेव के बल से धारण किए हुए हैं।
Heaven with the moon, sun and stars, the sky, the directions, the earth and the great ocean are upheld by the power of the great Vasudeva.
The closing verses turn from fruits to a vision of the Lord: heaven, sun, moon, stars, sky, directions, earth and ocean are held up by Vasudeva's power.
ससुरासुरगन्धर्वं सयक्षोरगराक्षसम् । जगद्वशे वर्ततेदं कृष्णस्य सचराचरम् ॥
sasurāsuragandharvaṃ sayakṣoragarākṣasam । jagadvaśe vartatedaṃ kṛṣṇasya sacarācaram ॥
सुरासुरगन्धर्वम् surāsuragandharvam with gods, demons and gandharvas सचराचरम् sacarācaram moving and unmoving वशे vaśe under control देवता, असुर और गंधर्व, यक्ष, नाग और राक्षसों सहित यह सारा चर-अचर जगत कृष्ण के वश में है।
This whole world, moving and unmoving, with gods, demons and gandharvas, yakshas, serpents and rakshasas, is under the control of Krishna.
The whole world, with gods, demons, gandharvas, yakshas, serpents and rakshasas, moving and unmoving, is under Krishna's control.
इन्द्रियाणि मनोबुद्धिः सत्त्वं तेजो बलं धृतिः । वासुदेवात्मकान्याहुः क्षेत्रं क्षेत्रज्ञ एव च ॥
indriyāṇi manobuddhiḥ sattvaṃ tejo balaṃ dhṛtiḥ । vāsudevātmakānyāhuḥ kṣetraṃ kṣetrajña eva ca ॥
इन्द्रियाणि indriyāṇi the senses क्षेत्रम् kṣetram the field (body) क्षेत्रज्ञः kṣetrajñaḥ the knower of the field इंद्रियाँ, मन और बुद्धि, सत्त्व, तेज, बल और धृति, क्षेत्र और क्षेत्रज्ञ: इन सबको वासुदेव-स्वरूप कहा गया है।
The senses, mind and intellect, goodness, energy, strength and steadiness, the field (body) and the knower of the field: all these, they say, have Vasudeva as their self.
The senses, mind and intellect, and the field (body) and its knower (the self), are all said to have Vasudeva as their self. This echoes the Gita's teaching of the field and the knower of the field.
सर्वागमानामाचारः प्रथमं परिकल्पते । आचारप्रभवो धर्मो धर्मस्य प्रभुरच्युतः ॥
sarvāgamānāmācāraḥ prathamaṃ parikalpate । ācāraprabhavo dharmo dharmasya prabhuracyutaḥ ॥
आचारः ācāraḥ right conduct धर्मः dharmaḥ dharma अच्युतः acyutaḥ Achyuta सब शास्त्रों में आचार को प्रथम माना गया है; धर्म आचार से उत्पन्न होता है, और धर्म के स्वामी अच्युत हैं।
Right conduct is held to be first among all scriptures; dharma springs from right conduct, and the lord of dharma is Achyuta.
Achara, right conduct, is placed first among all teachings: dharma springs from conduct, and the lord of dharma is Achyuta. Devotion is not separated from living well.
ऋषयः पितरो देवा महाभूतानि धातवः । जङ्गमाजङ्गमं चेदं जगन्नारायणोद्भवम् ॥
ṛṣayaḥ pitaro devā mahābhūtāni dhātavaḥ । jaṅgamājaṅgamaṃ cedaṃ jagannārāyaṇodbhavam ॥
ऋषयः ṛṣayaḥ the sages महाभूतानि mahābhūtāni the great elements नारायणोद्भवम् nārāyaṇodbhavam arisen from Narayana ऋषि, पितर, देवता, महाभूत और धातुएँ, और यह सारा चर-अचर जगत नारायण से उत्पन्न हुआ है।
The sages, the ancestors, the gods, the great elements and the substances, and this whole world, moving and unmoving, has arisen from Narayana.
Sages, ancestors, gods, the great elements and the whole world, moving and unmoving, have arisen from Narayana.
योगोज्ञानं तथा साङ्ख्यं विद्याः शिल्पादिकर्म च । वेदाः शास्त्राणि विज्ञानमेतत्सर्वं जनार्दनात् ॥
yogojñānaṃ tathā sāṅkhyaṃ vidyāḥ śilpādikarma ca । vedāḥ śāstrāṇi vijñānametatsarvaṃ janārdanāt ॥
साङ्ख्यम् sāṅkhyam Sankhya शिल्प śilpa crafts जनार्दनात् janārdanāt from Janardana योग, ज्ञान और सांख्य, विद्याएँ, शिल्प आदि कर्म, वेद, शास्त्र और विज्ञान: यह सब जनार्दन से है।
Yoga, knowledge, and likewise Sankhya, the sciences, the arts and crafts, the Vedas, the scriptures and wisdom: all this comes from Janardana.
All knowledge comes from Janardana: yoga, Sankhya, the sciences, the arts and crafts, the Vedas and the scriptures.
एको विष्णुर्महद्भूतं पृथग्भूतान्यनेकशः । त्रींल्लोकान्व्याप्य भूतात्मा भुङ्क्ते विश्वभुगव्ययः ॥
eko viṣṇurmahadbhūtaṃ pṛthagbhūtānyanekaśaḥ । trīṃllokānvyāpya bhūtātmā bhuṅkte viśvabhugavyayaḥ ॥
एको विष्णुः eko viṣṇuḥ Vishnu alone पृथग्भूतानि pṛthagbhūtāni the separate beings विश्वभुक् viśvabhuk enjoyer of the universe एक विष्णु ही वह महान सत्ता हैं जो अनेक अलग-अलग प्राणियों के रूप में तीनों लोकों में व्याप्त होकर, सब प्राणियों की आत्मा, विश्व के अविनाशी भोक्ता के रूप में उनका भोग करते हैं।
Vishnu alone is the great being who, as the many separate beings, pervades the three worlds; the soul of all beings, the imperishable enjoyer of the universe, enjoys them.
The summary of the vision: Vishnu alone, the one great being, appears as the many separate beings, pervades the three worlds as their inner self, and enjoys them.
इमं स्तवं भगवतो विष्णोर्व्यासेन कीर्तितम् । पठेद्य इच्छेत्पुरुषः श्रेयः प्राप्तुं सुखानि च ॥
imaṃ stavaṃ bhagavato viṣṇorvyāsena kīrtitam । paṭhedya icchetpuruṣaḥ śreyaḥ prāptuṃ sukhāni ca ॥
व्यासेन vyāsena by Vyasa श्रेयः śreyaḥ the highest good सुखानि sukhāni happiness जो मनुष्य कल्याण और सुख पाना चाहता है, उसे व्यास द्वारा कहा गया भगवान विष्णु का यह स्तोत्र पढ़ना चाहिए।
Whoever wishes to attain the highest good and happiness should recite this hymn of the blessed Vishnu, composed by Vyasa.
The hymn names its author: it was sung by Vyasa, composer of the Mahabharata. Whoever wants the highest good and happiness should recite it.
विश्वेश्वरमजं देवं जगतः प्रभुमव्ययम् । भजन्ति ये पुष्कराक्षं न ते यान्ति पराभवम् ॥
viśveśvaramajaṃ devaṃ jagataḥ prabhumavyayam । bhajanti ye puṣkarākṣaṃ na te yānti parābhavam ॥
विश्वेश्वरम् viśveśvaram lord of the universe पुष्कराक्षम् puṣkarākṣam the lotus-eyed पराभवम् parābhavam defeat जो विश्व के ईश्वर, अजन्मा, जगत के अविनाशी प्रभु कमलनयन भगवान का भजन करते हैं, वे कभी पराजय को प्राप्त नहीं होते।
Those who worship the lotus-eyed lord of the universe, the unborn god, the imperishable master of the world, never meet with defeat.
The last verse of the Mahabharata text: those who worship the lotus-eyed lord of the universe never meet defeat (parabhava).
Sources & checks
- Commentary by
- SanatanVani editorial process
- Checked by
- SanatanVani editorial process
- Sources
- Vishnu Sahasranama, Wikipedia (2026)
- Vyuha, Wikipedia (2026)
- Vamana, Wikipedia (2026)
- Matsya, Wikipedia (2026)
- Shrivatsa, Wikipedia (2026)
- Sudarshana Chakra, Wikipedia (2026)
- Nandaka, Wikipedia (2026)
- Sharanga, Wikipedia (2026)
- Kaumodaki, Wikipedia (2026)
- Panchajanya, Wikipedia (2026)
- Kalanemi, Wikipedia (2026)
- Balarama, Wikipedia (2026)