Purusha Suktam in English

सहस्रशीर्षा पुरुषः । सहस्राक्षः सहस्रपात् । स भूमिं विश्वतो वृत्वा । अत्यतिष्ठद्दशाङ्गुलम् ॥

sahasrashirsha purushah | sahasrakshah sahasrapat | sa bhumin vishvato vritva | atyatishthaddashangulam ||

पुरुष के हज़ार सिर, हज़ार आँखें और हज़ार पैर हैं। वे पृथ्वी को सब ओर से ढककर उससे दस अंगुल आगे तक स्थित हैं।

The Purusha has a thousand heads, a thousand eyes, a thousand feet. Covering the earth on every side, he extends beyond it by ten fingers' breadth.

पुरुष एवेदग्ं सर्वम् । यद्भूतं यच्च भव्यम् । उतामृतत्वस्येशानः । यदन्नेनातिरोहति ॥

purusha evedagn sarvam | yadbhutan yachcha bhavyam | utamritatvasyeshanah | yadannenatirohati ||

यह सब कुछ पुरुष ही है, जो हो चुका है और जो होगा। वे अमरता के स्वामी हैं, और अन्न से बढ़ने वाली हर वस्तु के भी।

The Purusha alone is all this, what has been and what will be. He is the lord of immortality, and of all that grows by food.

एतावानस्य महिमा । अतो ज्यायाग्श्च पूरुषः । पादोऽस्य विश्वा भूतानि । त्रिपादस्यामृतं दिवि ॥

etavanasya mahima | ato jyayagshcha purushah | pado'sya vishva bhutani | tripadasyamritan divi ||

इतनी उनकी महिमा है, और पुरुष इससे भी बड़े हैं। सब प्राणी उनका एक चौथाई भाग हैं; उनके तीन चौथाई भाग स्वर्ग में अमर हैं।

Such is his greatness, and the Purusha is greater still. All beings are one quarter of him; three quarters of him are immortal in heaven.

त्रिपादूर्ध्व उदैत्पुरुषः । पादोऽस्येहाऽऽभवात्पुनः । ततो विष्वङ्व्यक्रामत् । साशनानशने अभि ॥

tripadurdhva udaitpurushah | pado'syeha''bhavatpunah | tato vishvanvyakramat | sashananashane abhi ||

तीन चौथाई भाग से पुरुष ऊपर उठे; उनका एक चौथाई भाग यहाँ फिर प्रकट हुआ। वहाँ से वे खाने वाले और न खाने वाले, सब पर चारों ओर फैल गए।

With three quarters the Purusha rose on high; one quarter of him came to be here again. From there he spread out in every direction, over what eats and what does not eat.

तस्माद्विराडजायत । विराजो अधि पूरुषः । स जातो अत्यरिच्यत । पश्चाद्भूमिमथो पुरः ॥

tasmadviradajayata | virajo adhi purushah | sa jato atyarichyata | pashchadbhumimatho purah ||

उनसे विराट उत्पन्न हुए, और विराट से पुरुष। जन्म लेकर वे पृथ्वी के पीछे और आगे, उससे भी आगे फैल गए।

From him Viraj was born, and from Viraj the Purusha. Once born, he reached beyond the earth, behind and in front.

यत्पुरुषेण हविषा । देवा यज्ञमतन्वत । वसंतो अस्यासीदाज्यम् । ग्रीष्म इध्मः शरद्धविः ॥

yatpurushena havisha | deva yajnamatanvata | vasanto asyasidajyam | grishma idhmah sharaddhavih ||

जब देवताओं ने पुरुष को हवि बनाकर यज्ञ किया, तब वसंत उसका घी था, ग्रीष्म उसका ईंधन, और शरद उसकी आहुति।

When the gods performed the sacrifice with the Purusha as the offering, spring was its ghee, summer its fuel, autumn its oblation.

सप्तास्यासन्परिधयः । त्रिः सप्त समिधः कृताः । देवा यद्यज्ञं तन्वानाः । अबध्नन्पुरुषं पशुम् ॥

saptasyasanparidhayah | trih sapta samidhah kritah | deva yadyajnan tanvanah | abadhnanpurushan pashum ||

सात उसकी परिधियाँ थीं, इक्कीस उसकी समिधाएँ, जब यज्ञ करते देवताओं ने पुरुष को पशु के रूप में बाँधा।

Seven were its enclosing sticks, thrice seven its kindling sticks, when the gods, performing the sacrifice, bound the Purusha as the victim.

तं यज्ञं बर्हिषि प्रौक्षन् । पुरुषं जातमग्रतः । तेन देवा अयजन्त । साध्या ऋषयश्च ये ॥

tan yajnan barhishi praukshan | purushan jatamagratah | tena deva ayajanta | sadhya rishayashcha ye ||

उन्होंने उस यज्ञ रूप पुरुष को, जो आरंभ में उत्पन्न हुए, कुशा पर अभिषिक्त किया; उनसे देवताओं, साध्यों और ऋषियों ने यज्ञ किया।

They consecrated on the sacred grass that sacrifice, the Purusha born in the beginning; with him the gods sacrificed, and the Sadhyas and the seers.

तस्माद्यज्ञात्सर्वहुतः । संभृतं पृषदाज्यम् । पशूग्स्ताग्श्चक्रे वायव्यान् । आरण्यान् ग्राम्याश्च ये ॥

tasmadyajnatsarvahutah | sanbhritan prishadajyam | pashugstagshchakre vayavyan | aranyan gramyashcha ye ||

उस यज्ञ से, जिसमें सब कुछ आहुत हुआ, दही मिला घी एकत्र हुआ। उससे वायु में रहने वाले जीव, और वन और गाँव के पशु बने।

From that sacrifice, in which everything was offered, the ghee mixed with curd was gathered. He made the creatures of the air, and the animals of the forest and of the village.

तस्माद्यज्ञात्सर्वहुतः । ऋचः सामानि जज्ञिरे । छन्दाग्ंसि जज्ञिरे तस्मात् । यजुस्तस्मादजायत ॥

tasmadyajnatsarvahutah | richah samani jajnire | chhhandagnsi jajnire tasmat | yajustasmadajayata ||

उस यज्ञ से, जिसमें सब कुछ आहुत हुआ, ऋग्वेद की ऋचाएँ और सामवेद के गान उत्पन्न हुए; उससे छंद उत्पन्न हुए, और उससे यजुर्वेद उत्पन्न हुआ।

From that sacrifice, in which everything was offered, the hymns of the Rig and the chants of the Sama were born; the metres were born from it, and from it the Yajus was born.

तस्मादश्वा अजायन्त । ये के चोभयादतः । गावो ह जज्ञिरे तस्मात् । तस्माज्जाता अजावयः ॥

tasmadashva ajayanta | ye ke chobhayadatah | gavo ha jajnire tasmat | tasmajjata ajavayah ||

उससे घोड़े उत्पन्न हुए, और दोनों जबड़ों में दाँत वाले सब पशु; उससे गायें उत्पन्न हुईं, और उससे बकरियाँ और भेड़ें।

From it horses were born, and all animals with teeth in both jaws; from it cows were born, and from it goats and sheep.

यत्पुरुषं व्यदधुः । कतिधा व्यकल्पयन् । मुखं किमस्य कौ बाहू । कावूरू पादावुच्येते ॥

yatpurushan vyadadhuh | katidha vyakalpayan | mukhan kimasya kau bahu | kavuru padavuchyete ||

जब उन्होंने पुरुष को विभाजित किया, तो कितने भागों में उनकी कल्पना की? उनका मुख क्या था, भुजाएँ क्या, और उनकी जंघाएँ और पैर किसे कहते हैं?

When they divided the Purusha, into how many parts did they arrange him? What was his mouth, what his arms, what are called his thighs and his feet?

ब्राह्मणोऽस्य मुखमासीत् । बाहू राजन्यः कृतः । ऊरू तदस्य यद्वैश्यः । पद्भ्याग्ं शूद्रो अजायत ॥

brahmano'sya mukhamasit | bahu rajanyah kritah | uru tadasya yadvaishyah | padbhyagn shudro ajayata ||

ब्राह्मण उनका मुख था; क्षत्रिय उनकी भुजाएँ बने; उनकी जंघाएँ वैश्य हुईं; उनके पैरों से शूद्र उत्पन्न हुए।

The Brahmana was his mouth; the Rajanya (warrior) was made his arms; his thighs became the Vaishya; from his feet the Shudra was born.

चन्द्रमा मनसो जातः । चक्षोः सूर्यो अजायत । मुखादिन्द्रश्चाग्निश्च । प्राणाद्वायुरजायत ॥

chandrama manaso jatah | chakshoh suryo ajayata | mukhadindrashchagnishcha | pranadvayurajayata ||

उनके मन से चंद्रमा उत्पन्न हुए, आँख से सूर्य; मुख से इंद्र और अग्नि, और प्राण से वायु।

The moon was born from his mind, the sun from his eye; from his mouth came Indra and Agni, from his breath Vayu, the wind.

नाभ्या आसीदन्तरिक्षम् । शीर्ष्णो द्यौः समवर्तत । पद्भ्यां भूमिर्दिशः श्रोत्रात् । तथा लोकाग्ं अकल्पयन् ॥

nabhya asidantariksham | shirshno dyauh samavartata | padbhyan bhumirdishah shrotrat | tatha lokagn akalpayan ||

उनकी नाभि से अंतरिक्ष हुआ, सिर से आकाश, पैरों से पृथ्वी, और कान से दिशाएँ; इस प्रकार उन्होंने लोकों की रचना की।

From his navel came the mid-air, from his head the sky arose, from his feet the earth, and from his ear the directions; so they shaped the worlds.

वेदाहमेतं पुरुषं महान्तम् । आदित्यवर्णं तमसस्तु पारे । सर्वाणि रूपाणि विचित्य धीरः । नामानि कृत्वाऽभिवदन् यदास्ते ॥

vedahametan purushan mahantam | adityavarnan tamasastu pare | sarvani rupani vichitya dhirah | namani kritva'bhivadan yadaste ||

मैं इस महान पुरुष को जानता हूँ, जो सूर्य के समान तेजस्वी हैं और अंधकार से परे हैं: वे ज्ञानी, जो सब रूपों की रचना करके और उन्हें नाम देकर, उन नामों से पुकारते हुए स्थित हैं।

I know this great Purusha, radiant as the sun, beyond all darkness: the wise one who, having shaped all forms and given them their names, abides, calling them by those names.

धाता पुरस्ताद्यमुदाजहार । शक्रः प्रविद्वान्प्रदिशश्चतस्रः । तमेवं विद्वानमृत इह भवति । नान्यः पन्था अयनाय विद्यते ॥

dhata purastadyamudajahara | shakrah pravidvanpradishashchatasrah | tamevan vidvanamrita iha bhavati | nanyah pantha ayanaya vidyate ||

जिन्हें सृष्टिकर्ता धाता ने आरंभ में प्रकट किया, और जिन्हें जानकर इंद्र ने चारों दिशाओं में प्रकाशित किया: जो उन्हें इस प्रकार जानता है, वह यहीं अमर हो जाता है। इसके अलावा जाने का कोई और मार्ग नहीं है।

He whom the creator Dhata proclaimed in the beginning, and Shakra (Indra), knowing him, made known in the four directions: one who knows him thus becomes immortal here and now. There is no other path to go.

यज्ञेन यज्ञमयजन्त देवाः । तानि धर्माणि प्रथमान्यासन् । ते ह नाकं महिमानः सचंते । यत्र पूर्वे साध्याः सन्ति देवाः ॥

yajnena yajnamayajanta devah | tani dharmani prathamanyasan | te ha nakan mahimanah sachante | yatra purve sadhyah santi devah ||

यज्ञ से देवताओं ने यज्ञ रूप पुरुष की उपासना की; यही पहले धर्म थे। वे महान लोग उस स्वर्ग को प्राप्त हुए, जहाँ प्राचीन साध्य देवता रहते हैं।

By the sacrifice the gods worshipped the sacrifice; these were the first ordinances. Those great ones reached the vault of heaven, where the ancient Sadhyas, the gods, dwell.

अद्भ्यः संभूतः पृथिव्यै रसाच्च । विश्वकर्मणः समवर्तताधि । तस्य त्वष्टा विदधद्रूपमेति । तत्पुरुषस्य विश्वमाजानमग्रे ॥

adbhyah sanbhutah prithivyai rasachcha | vishvakarmanah samavartatadhi | tasya tvashta vidadhadrupameti | tatpurushasya vishvamajanamagre ||

उत्तर नारायण। वे जल से और पृथ्वी के रस से, विश्वकर्मा से प्रकट हुए। त्वष्टा उनके रूप को गढ़ते चलते हैं; आरंभ में यही पुरुष का सारा जगत था।

Uttara Narayana. He came forth from the waters and from the essence of the earth, from Vishvakarman, the all-maker. Tvashta, the shaper, goes on giving him form; this was the whole world of the Purusha in the beginning.

वेदाहमेतं पुरुषं महान्तम् । आदित्यवर्णं तमसः परस्तात् । तमेवं विद्वानमृत इह भवति । नान्यः पन्था विद्यतेऽयनाय ॥

vedahametan purushan mahantam | adityavarnan tamasah parastat | tamevan vidvanamrita iha bhavati | nanyah pantha vidyate'yanaya ||

मैं इस महान पुरुष को जानता हूँ, जो सूर्य के समान तेजस्वी और अंधकार से परे हैं। जो उन्हें इस प्रकार जानता है, वह यहीं अमर हो जाता है; जाने का कोई और मार्ग नहीं है।

I know this great Purusha, radiant as the sun, beyond darkness. One who knows him thus becomes immortal here; there is no other path to go.

प्रजापतिश्चरति गर्भे अन्तः । अजायमानो बहुधा विजायते । तस्य धीराः परिजानंति योनिम् । मरीचीनां पदमिच्छंति वेधसः ॥

prajapatishcharati garbhe antah | ajayamano bahudha vijayate | tasya dhirah parijananti yonim | marichinan padamichchhhanti vedhasah ||

प्रजापति गर्भ के भीतर विचरते हैं; अजन्मा होकर भी वे अनेक रूपों में जन्म लेते हैं। धीर पुरुष उनके मूल को जानते हैं; सृष्टिकर्ता प्रकाश की किरणों के पद की कामना करते हैं।

Prajapati moves within the womb; unborn, he is born in many forms. The wise know his source; the creators seek the place of the rays of light.

यो देवेभ्य आतपति । यो देवानां पुरोहितः । पूर्वो यो देवेभ्यो जातः । नमो रुचाय ब्राह्मये ॥

yo devebhya atapati | yo devanan purohitah | purvo yo devebhyo jatah | namo ruchaya brahmaye ||

जो देवताओं के लिए प्रकाशित होते हैं, जो देवताओं के पुरोहित हैं, जो देवताओं से पहले उत्पन्न हुए: उन तेजस्वी ब्रह्म-स्वरूप को नमस्कार।

He who shines for the gods, who is the priest of the gods, who was born before the gods: salutations to the radiant one, of Brahman.

रुचं ब्राह्मं जनयन्तः । देवा अग्रे तदब्रुवन् । यस्त्वैवं ब्राह्मणो विद्यात् । तस्य देवा असन् वशे ॥

ruchan brahman janayantah | deva agre tadabruvan | yastvaivan brahmano vidyat | tasya deva asan vashe ||

उस ब्रह्म-तेज को प्रकट करते हुए देवताओं ने आरंभ में कहा: जो ब्रह्मज्ञानी उन्हें इस प्रकार जाने, देवता उसके वश में रहेंगे।

Bringing forth that radiance of Brahman, the gods said in the beginning: the knower of Brahman who knows him thus, the gods will be in his power.

ह्रीश्च ते लक्ष्मीश्च पत्न्यौ । अहोरात्रे पार्श्वे । नक्षत्राणि रूपम् । अश्विनौ व्यात्तम् । इष्टं मनिषाण । अमुं मनिषाण । सर्वं मनिषाण ॥

hrishcha te lakshmishcha patnyau | ahoratre parshve | nakshatrani rupam | ashvinau vyattam | ishtan manishana | amun manishana | sarvan manishana ||

ह्री और लक्ष्मी आपकी पत्नियाँ हैं; दिन और रात आपके दोनों पार्श्व हैं, नक्षत्र आपका रूप, और दोनों अश्विनीकुमार आपका खुला मुख। इच्छित वस्तु दीजिए; मुझे वह दीजिए; मुझे सब कुछ दीजिए।

Hri and Lakshmi are your consorts; day and night are your two sides, the stars your form, the two Ashvins your open mouth. Grant what is desired; grant me that; grant me all.